Keeping in view various pharmacological attributes of curcumin, coumarin, and isatin derivatives, triazole-tethered monocarbonyl curcumin–coumarin and curcumin–isatin molecular hybrids have been synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial potential against Gram-positive ( Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus ) and Gram-negative ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli ) human pathogenic bacterial strains. Among all hybrid molecules, A-4 and B-38 showed the most potent antibacterial activity with inhibition zones of 29 and 31 mm along with MIC values of 12.50 and 6.25 μg/mL, respectively. Structure–activity relationship that emerged from biological data revealed that the two-carbon alkyl chain between triazole and coumarin/isatin moiety is well tolerable for the activity. Bromo substitution at the fifth position of isatin, para-cholo substitution in the case of curcumin–isatin, and para-methoxy in the case of curcumin–coumarin hybrids on ring A of curcumin are most suitable groups for the antibacterial activity. Various types of binding interactions of A-4 and B-38 within the active site of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) of S. aureus are also streamlined by molecular modeling studies, suggesting their capability in completely blocking DHFR.

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Fluorescent Schiff base organotin probes for the detection of chemical warfare agents.