Objectives/Aims:Bitewing and digital dental panoramic radiographs have become important adjuvants for successful dental practice in pediatric dentistry. Both methods lead to genetic changes in the oral buccal epithelium that have not yet been satisfactorily explored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects induced by X-ray radiation from bitewing and panoramic dental radiography in exfoliated buccal epithelial cells of children, using the Buccal Micronucleus Cytome assay.Materials and Methods:Children (n=40) who met the inclusion criteria and provided signed informed consent were included in the study. Children were selected for undergoing bitewing radiographs (group 1; n=20) or digital dental panoramic radiographs (group 2; n=20). Exfoliated buccal mucosal cells were obtained by scraping the right/left buccal mucosa with a wooden spatula immediately before the X-ray exposure and 10±2 days after exposure.Results:The frequency of micronuclei increases significantly post exposure to both bitewing and digital dental panoramic radiography in children, but the frequency was higher in bitewing radiographs.Conclusion:It was concluded that the frequency of micronuclei increases post exposure to both bitewing and digital panoramic radiographs. Increased radiation exposure results in an increase in micronuclei frequency.

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Introduction Invasion of microorganisms and their multiplication in root canals (RCs) results in endodontic infections of primary teeth. Acute and chronic inflammation may be present in the periapical area and are based on the amount and virulence of microorganisms, especially anaerobic bacteria present in the RC. To identify microorganisms very precisely in endodontic infections, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used. Aim The aim of the present study is to identify the specific anaerobic bacteria like Porphyromonas gingivalis , Prevotella intermedia , and Actinomyces naeslundii in the RCs of primary teeth using real-time PCR. Methodology Fifteen subjects aged 3–8 years who had endodontic infections in primary molars were selected. The cases who had been selected did not receive any endodontic treatment and antibiotics within 3 months, and children with systemic diseases were not included. Sample collection Samples were taken by placing absorbent paper points into the largest canals of maxillary and mandibular molars for 60 seconds and are then transferred to a sterile Eppendorf tube with tris-hydochloride EDTA (TE) buffer. The samples were stored at −80°C. All samples were subjected to PCR analysis. Result The specific anaerobes detected in the samples were A. naeslundii (93.3%), Prevotella intermedia (53.3%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (13.3%). Conclusion The results suggested a high bacterial diversity in the RCs of infected primary teeth. How to cite this article Thimmegowda U, Thomas J, et al. Identification of Specific Anaerobic Bacteria in Endodontic Infections of Primary Teeth—A PCR Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2019;12(1):1–4.