Macroscopic fungi is cosmopolitan-heterotrophic organisms which have an important ecological role in ecocystem. The aim of this study was to explore the diversity of species and the potency of Fungi in the Campus Forest of IPB Unversity. Observation was carried out in March to April 2019 using exploration method. Identification used morphological characteristic such as fruit body shape, hygrophnous, cap color, diameter, edge, and margin, wetness level, himenophore type. Result showed that 11 species of macroscopic fungi were identified, divided into 7 families, 4 order, and 1 class. The Group fungi were identified as Termitomyces sp. 1, Termitomyces sp. 2, Marasmius sp. 1, Marasmius sp. 2, Psathyrella sp., Geastrum sp., Stereum sp., Microporus sp., Polyporus sp., Ganoderma sp. 1 and Ganoderma sp. 2. All identified fungi were Basidiomycota. Some fungi found to be potentially used as food source, medicine, and also played an important role as a decomposer in the IPB university campus forest.
Abstract. Sukarno N, Mursidawati S, Listiyowati S, Nugraha NH, Fadillah WN, Waite M. 2023. Root associated Fusarium solani Species Complex (FSSC) in epiphytic and terrestrial orchids. Biodiversitas 24: 2577-2586. Members of the Fusarium solani Species Complex (FSSC) are ecologically diverse, covering human and plant pathogens, saprobes, and endophytic fungi of economically important plants. The role of FSSC on tropical orchids, however, has received little attention. This research aimed to isolate and identify the FSSC found as endophytes in roots of the epiphytic orchids Cymbidium finlaysonianum Lindl. and Vanda tricolor Lindl., and the terrestrial orchids Calanthe triplicata (Willemet) Ames and Phaius tankervilleae (Banks) Blume. Fungal isolation was obtained from peloton structures within the root. Fungal identification was done using combined morphological and molecular characteristics using ITS rDNA sequences. Four isolates of Fusarium were identified based on morphological characteristics. The BLAST analysis showed that all the isolates were in the Fusarium solani Species Complex (FSSC). Further phylogenetic relationship analysis indicated that all the FSSC isolates belonged to FSSC5 lineage or Fusarium solani sensu stricto, which is nested in FSSC clade 3 as a subgroup. The fungi F. solani sensu stricto V2 and CF34 were isolated from the epiphytic orchids, and F. solani sensu stricto C5 and P44 were isolated from the terrestrial orchids. It is interesting that the FSSC5 isolated from the epiphytic orchids form different groups than those of the terrestrial orchids. This is the first report showing the tropical orchids are the host of the FSSC5 as endophytes and this broadens the known host range and ecological behavior of the FSSC5.
Lysurus is one of the unique genera in Basidiomycetes. It has a stinky odor and slime on the head. The unusual-shaped makes the species in Lysurus easily to be identified. One of Lysurus had been found in West Java, Indonesia namely L. periphragmoides. The specimen was deposited into Herbarium Bogoriense with code BO 24418. This study aimed to obtain specimens and characterize the Lysurus BO 24418 using morphological characteristics, and analyze the phenetic relationship among Lysurus species. Lysurus BO 24418 has two phases (egg and mushroom). The egg phase is usually hypogeous underground. The mushroom has a head and stem. The head bears the mature spore with slime distribute malodor. The stem has a hollow and spongy texture with a yellowish color. The numerical data of morphological characters of species in Lysurus were analyzed using NTSys ver 2.1 software. Ten characters were used to build a dendrogram using Sequential Agglomerative Hierarchical Nested (SAHN) cluster analysis with Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA). Phallus indusiatus was selected as an outgroup. The analyses showed the specimen was classified as L. periphragmoides with 100% of similarity coefficient and it was close L. gardneri with 40,4% of similarity coefficient. The characters that cluster among them are stem surface, head type, egg diameter, and spore max length
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