Patient safety incidents (PSIs) prevention is important in healthcare because PSIs affect patients negatively and increase medical costs and resource use. However, PSI knowledge in homecare is limited. To analyze patient safety issues and strategies, we aimed to identify the characteristics and contexts of PSI occurrences in homecare settings. A prospective observational study was conducted between July and November 2017 at 27 Japanese homecare nurse (HCN) agencies. HCNs at each agency voluntarily completed PSI reports indicating whether they contributed to PSIs or were informed of a PSI by the client/informal caregiver/other care provider during a period of three months. A total of 139 PSIs were analyzed, with the most common being falls (43.9%), followed by medication errors (25.2%). Among the PSIs reported to the HCN agencies, 44 were recorded on formal incident report forms, whereas 95 were reported as PSIs that required a response (e.g., injury care) but were not recorded on formal incident report forms. Most PSIs that occurred when no HCN was visiting were not recorded as incident reports (82.1%). Developing a framework/system that can accumulate, analyze, and share information on PSIs that occur in the absence of HCNs may provide insights into PSIs experienced by HCN clients.
Background: Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death and disability in children worldwide, and many are preventable. Public maternal and child health services provide ideal opportunities for disseminating injury prevention education. However, the COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted these services, reducing access to injury prevention information. This study aimed to obtain suggestions for delivering injury prevention information to the public during future pandemics. Methods: In March 2022, a nationwide Internet survey of mothers raising children ages 0-2 was conducted, asking whether they could obtain injury prevention information when required and when, what, and how they would like to receive it. Results: Over half of the mothers wanted injury prevention information throughout their pregnancy. They preferred receiving information through traditional face-to-face services provided by local governments, such as antenatal classes or checkups. However, 34.1% of mothers said they did not obtain the information they needed, especially those unemployed, mothers of children aged 0 to 1, and mothers of children with illnesses requiring hospital visits. In public services, failure to be interviewed when submitting pregnancy notification was associated with failure to obtain injury prevention information. Conclusions: It is suggested that the interruption of public services prevented mothers, especially those with fewer opportunities to obtain informal information, from obtaining injury prevention information. Maintaining face-to-face services with infection control measures and considering alternative means of information and support are crucial to prevent parents from being cut off from information sources during future pandemics.
This study investigated lifestyle changes and the self-reported mental health status of Japanese community residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Differences in demography, daily lifestyle changes, and approaches to problem solving were analyzed in two age cohorts (<60 vs ≥60 years). The prevalence of moderate/increased psychological distress was 31.7%, with no significant difference between the cohorts. Compared with the pre-COVID-19 era, more than 80% of the participants stopped eating out and spent more time at home, and more than 70% used public transport less frequently. There were significant differences between the cohorts for the time spent at home, opportunities to eat meals outside of home, and shopping in stores. Participants aged under 60 years were less likely to use television and newspapers or to consult a family doctor. Those aged over 60 years were less likely to consult friends/ colleagues or to use the Internet/social networking services. Identifying the risk factors for psychological distress is warranted for implementing measures to maintain and improve the physical and mental health of residents.
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