Introduction The provision of quality health care during the COVID-19 pandemic depends largely on the health of health care providers. However, healthcare providers as the frontline caregivers dealing with infected patients, are more vulnerable to mental health problems. Despite this fact, there is scarce information regarding the mental health impact of COVID-19 among frontline health care providers in South-West Ethiopia. Objective This study aimed to determine the levels and predictors of anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic among frontline healthcare providers in Gurage zonal public hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 322 health care providers from November 10–25, 2020 in Gurage zonal health institutions. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A pretested self -administered structured questionnaire was used as a data collection technique. The data were entered into the Epi-data version 3.01 and exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (chi-square tests) were presented Bivariable and Multivariable logistic regression analyses were made to identify variables having a significant association with the dependent variables. Results The results of this study had shown that the overall prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress among health care providers during the COVID-19 pandemic was 36%, [95% CI = (30.7%- 41.3%)], 25.8% [95% CI = (21.1%- 30.4%)] and 31.4% [95% CI = (26.4%- 36.0%)] respectively. Age, Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR = 7.9], Educational status, [AOR = 3.2], low monthly income [AOR = 1.87], and presence of infected family members [AOR = 3.3] were statistically associated with anxiety. Besides this, gender, [AOR = 1.9], masters [AOR = 10.8], and degree holder [AOR = 2.2], living with spouse [AOR = 5.8], and family [AOR = 3.9], being pharmacists [AOR = 4.5], and physician [AOR = (0.19)], were found to be statistically significant predictors of depression among health care providers. Our study finding also showed that working at general [AOR = 4.8], and referral hospitals [AOR = 3.2], and low monthly income [AOR = 2.3] were found to be statistically significant predictors of stress among health care providers. Conclusion Based on our finding significant numbers of healthcare providers were suffered from anxiety, depression, and stress during the COVID-19 outbreak. So, the Government and other stakeholders should be involved and closely work and monitor the mental wellbeing of health care providers.

Background Globally, perinatal asphyxia (PNA) is a significant cause of most neonatal deaths. Similarly, the burden of birth asphyxia in Ethiopia remains high (22.52%) and has been noted the second leading cause of neonatal mortality. Thus, researches on survival status and predictors of perinatal asphyxia are critical to tackle it. Therefore, the current study intended to determine the survival status and predictors of asphyxia among neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Units of public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Hospital-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted in four selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from January 2016 to December 2020. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Epi-data 4.6 and STATA Version 16 was used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival curve, log-rank test and Median time were computed. To find the predictors of time to recovery, a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted, and variables with a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Finally, the Schoenfeld residual test was used to check overall model fitness. Result Four hundred eleven admitted asphyxiated babies were followed a total of 3062 neonate-days with a minimum of 1 h to a maximum of 28 days. The Overall incidence density rate of survival was 10 (95% CI: 0.08–0.11) per 100 neonate-days of observation with a median recovery time of 8 days (95% CI: 7.527–8.473). Low birth weight (Adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47–0.96), stage II hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) (AHR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51–0.97), stage III HIE (AHR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.27–0.71), seizure (AHR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38—0.97), thrombocytopenia (AHR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.24–0.80) and calcium gluconate (AHR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.58–0.99) were found to be independent predictors of time to recovery of asphyxiated neonates. Conclusion In the current findings, the recovery time was prolonged compared to others finding. This implies early prevention, strict monitoring and taking appropriate measures timely is mandatory before babies transferred into highest stage of HIE and managing complications are recommended to hasten recovery time and increase survival of neonates.

Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has shown promising effects on the reduction of new HIV infection as well as HIV-related morbidity and mortality. In order to boost the effect of ART on ending HIV epidemics by 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) indeed introduced a universal test and treat strategy in 2015 that recommends rapid (within seven days) initiation of ART for all HIV-positive patients. However, in low-income countries, a substantial number of HIV-positive patients were not enrolled in time, and information on delayed ART initiation status in Ethiopia is limited. Method A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 HIV-positive adults receiving ART at public health institutions in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia. A structured checklist was used to extract data from the patient’s medical record. Data was entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for further analysis. Both simple and multivariable binary logistic regressions were executed, and variables with a p-value < 0.05 in the final model were considered significant predictors of delayed ART initiation. Results The magnitude of delayed ART initiation was 39% (95% CI: 34%–44%). Being male [Adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 1.99, 95%CI:1.3–3.2], having opportunistic infections (OIs) [AOR = 2.50, 95%CI:1.4–4.6], having other chronic diseases [AOR = 3.70,95%CI:1.7–8.3], substance abuse [AOR = 3.79, 95%CI: 1.9–7.4], having ambulatory functional status [AOR = 5.38, 95%CI: 1.4–9.6] and didn’t have other HIV-positive family member [AOR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.2–2.9] increases the odds of delayed ART initiation. Conclusion and recommendation The burden of delayed ART initiation is found to be high. The presence of OIs and other chronic problems, substance abuse, ambulatory functional status, being male, and not having other HIV-positive family members were identified as significant predictors of delayed ART initiation. Special emphasis needs to be considered for those individuals with the identified risk factors.

Background and Aims Utilizing health facility delivery services is one of the pillars of lowering maternal mortality. However, the coverage of health facility delivery service utilization continues to be uneven around the world. In Ethiopia, particularly among pastoralist regions, health facility delivery service utilization is less common. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of health facility delivery service utilization and identify the associated factors among women in the pastoralist regions of Ethiopia. Methods A comprehensive systematic search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, Hinary, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Google, and Ethiopian online university repositories. Studies were appraised using the JBI appraisal checklist. The analysis was done using STATA version 16. The pooled analysis was conducted using DerSimonian and Laird random‐effects model. I 2 test and Eggers & Begg's tests were used to assess the heterogeneity and publication bias, respectively. p < 0.05 was set to determine the statistical significance of all the tests. Results The pooled prevalence of health facility delivery service utilization was 23.09% (95% CI: 18.05%−28.12%). Have ANC visit during pregnancy (OR = 3.75, [95% CI: 1.84−7.63]), have information regarding maternal health service fee exemption (OR = 9.51, [95% CI: 1.41−64.26]), have a nearby health facility (OR = 3.49, [95% CI: 1.48−8.20]), and women attend secondary and above education (OR = 3.06, [95% CI: 1.77−5.29]) were found to be significant associated factors. Conclusions Health facility delivery service utilization is very low in pastoralist regions of Ethiopia, and ANC follow‐up, distance from the health facility, women's educational status, and information regarding maternal health service fees were identified as significant associated factors. Consequently, strengthening ANC services, introducing free health services to the community, and constructing health facilities for the nearby residents are recommended to improve the practice.

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