Political institutions can hinder the adoption of certain policies. Veto-players theory suggests that more political institutions in a state will lead to lower rates of policy adoption. Extending this argument to climate-change policy, I contend that more political institutions will lead to lower overall climate-policy adoption rates, lower adoption rates for cost-concentrated climate-policy tools, and lower adoption rates for significant climate policies. Using new data on climate policies and legislative passage rates in 23 OECD states between 1996 and 2010, I find empirical evidence demonstrating that the number of political institutions intrinsic to a state negatively affects climate-policy adoption.

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A significant challenge in the field of aerospace materials is the development of lightweight, highly insulating materials that can survive in extreme environments. Materials with reduced thermal conductivity permit higher operating temperatures and improved insulative performance. Reduced weight mitigates cost and improves payload capacity. A promising class of lightweight, low thermal conductivity materials are aerogels. Aerogels are highly porous, extremely lightweight, and display extraordinarily low thermal conductivity. 1 The same highly porous structure is also the source of a critical engineering challenge: thermal stability. Upon thermal exposure, the aerogel's highly porous structure collapses, and the favorable properties of low thermal conductivity and low density are diminished. Aerogels with improved thermal stability must be developed to enable the use of aerogels as insulation in extreme environments and temperatures to 1200°C.Polymeric aerogels, which demonstrate excellent mechanical properties, are limited to temperatures below 500°C due to the polymer network's decomposition. 2,3 Silica aerogels, perhaps the most studied and well-known, undergo significant sintering and densification above 700°C. [4][5][6] Exploration of various metal oxides have led to mixed results. Zirconia aerogels lose much of their specific surface area (SSA) upon heating, from 282 m 2 /g as dried to

Van der Waals (vdW) integration, in which pre-engineered two-dimensional building blocks are physically assembled together in a chosen sequence through weak vdW interactions, holds promise toward previously unattainable applications. However, when extended to create 3D/3D monoliths, the lack of physical bonding coupled with the inherent rigidity and surface roughness between 3D building blocks makes it challenging for broader implementation of composites, catalysis, and energy applications. Here we demonstrate that electrostatically exfoliated two-dimensional layered materials can be additively manufactured to create complex layouts with selectively engineered composition in both lateral and vertical directions. Subsequent room-temperature dewetting creates non-covalent hinges through folded edges to concurrently interlock and nanostructure the two-dimensional inks into 3D building blocks. The result is the 3D/3D vdW mono-and heterostructures that are mechanically robust, electrically conductive, electrochemically active over a broad pH range and even radiation tolerant in nature.