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Virtual Breeding Environments (VBEs) are long-term strategic alliances of organisations aimed at offering the conditions to support the rapid and fluid configuration of Virtual Organisations (VOs). VBE reference models play a guiding role to conceptualise a set of business processes to enhance the responsiveness and flexibility of networks to react to a collaboration opportunity through a collection of collaborative drivers and enablers. VBE reference models serve as a reference guide for the implementation of breeding environments in different domains and application environments. This paper presents an instantiation methodology as a controlled process, addressing systematically a set of steps, supported by different mechanisms and methodologies needed to establish and characterize the management functionalities and running of a VBE that also addresses activities during its entire lifecycle based-on a VBE reference model proposed.

A case study for impelling university research productivity and impact through collaboration is presented. Scientometric results support the hypothesis that a knowledge management model increased research collaboration and thereby boosted a university's number of publications and citations. Results come from fifteen years of data at a Mexican university with 2400 researchers who produced 24,000 works in fifteen research disciplines. These data are treated with social network visualizations and algorithms to identify patterns of collaboration and clustering, as well as with normalizations to make disciplines comparable and to verify increasing citation impact. The knowledge management model implemented in the study may be a costeffective way for universities to intensify collaboration and improve research performance.

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