Background The Covid-19 pandemic is straining healthcare systems in the US and globally, which has wide-reaching implications for health. Women experience unique health risks and outcomes influenced by their gender, and this narrative review aims to outline how these differences are exacerbated in the Covid-19 pandemic. Observations It has been well described that men suffer from greater morbidity and mortality once infected with SARS-CoV-2. This review analyzed the health, economic, and social systems that result in gender-based differences in the areas healthcare workforce, reproductive health, drug development, gender-based violence, and mental health during the Covid-19 pandemic. The increased risk of certain negative health outcomes and reduced healthcare access experienced by many women are typically exacerbated during pandemics. We assess data from previous disease outbreaks coupled with literature from the Covid-19 pandemic to examine the impact of gender on women's SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease risks and overall health status during the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusions Gender differences in health risks and implications are likely to be expanded during the Covid-19 pandemic. Efforts to foster equity in health, social, and economic systems during and in the aftermath of Covid-19 may mitigate the inequitable risks posed by pandemics and other times of healthcare stress.
Objective. To compare physician practices, attitudes, and barriers toward human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination.Materials and Methods. A Web-based survey that assessed the practice of HPV vaccination, perceived barriers, and opinions of potential vaccine effects was distributed to obstetrician/gynecologists, internists, and pediatricians within a single health care system. A total of 1,488 physicians located in tertiary, community, and private settings were sent the survey. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression.Results. A total of 424 (28.9%) of 1,488 physicians participated. Of these physicians, 80% offer the vaccine. Female, primary care, and community and private practice physicians were associated with increased vaccination, compared with male, subspecialty, and tertiary care physicians, respectively. Physicians who reported no barriers to vaccination were more likely to offer the vaccine (odds ratio = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.04Y2.93, p = .04). The greatest barrier to vaccination was reimbursement concerns.Conclusions. Most physicians offer the HPV vaccine. Addressing barriers to vaccination and resolving practical concerns may increase HPV vaccination. h
ObjectivesThe purpose of this pilot study was to examine our hypothesis that enriching workplace emotional intelligence through resident coaches could improve third-year medical students’ adaptability and proactivity on the Obstetrics and Gynecology clerkship.MethodsAn observational pilot study was conducted in a teaching hospital. Fourteen 3rd year medical students from two cohorts of clerkships were randomly divided into two groups, and equally assigned to trained resident coaches and untrained resident coaches. Data was collected through onsite naturalistic observation of students’ adaptability and proactivity in clinical settings using a checklist with a 4-point Likert scale (1=poor to 4=excellent). Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the differences between these two groups.ResultsA total of 280 data points were collected through onsite observations conducted by investigators. All (n=14) students’ adaptability and proactivity performance significantly improved from an average of 3.04 to 3.45 (p=0.014) over 6-week clerkship. Overall, students with trained resident coaches adapted significantly faster and were more proactive in the obstetrics and gynecology clinical setting than the students with untrained coaches (3.31 vs. 3.24, p=0.019). Conclusions Findings from our pilot study supported our hypothesis that enriching workplace emotional intelligence knowledge through resident coaches was able to help medical students adapt into obstetrics and gynecology clinical settings faster and become more proactive in learning. Clerkship programs can incorporate the concept of a resident coach in their curriculum to help bridge medical students into clinical settings and to help them engage in self-directed learning throughout the rotation.
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