In 2017, the “Digital Economy of the Russian Federation” program was approved, which stated that the digitalization of the economy should become the main breakthrough direction in the country’s development. In this paper, various definitions of the digital economy were considered, taking into account the inextricable connection of all sectors and spheres of the national economy with the use of digital technologies. The interaction of business entities in the transition to a digital economy should be based on the main provisions of the approved Program and its development levels. In order to improve the functioning of the regional agribusiness, several directions for introducing the digital economy are proposed, taking into account the readiness of economic entities to carry out activities in its conditions. As a result, a classification of participants in agribusiness was proposed in accordance with the criterion of having absolute and relative readiness, as well as those who are resistant and non-resistant to self-adaptation in the digital economy. A certain basis for communications of agricultural entities in the context of digitalization is the ability to use modern information and communication technologies, as well as a single information space within the framework of agricultural clusters. An algorithm for the formation of such an information space in the agricultural clusters of the Volgograd region and communication mechanism based on information technology were proposed.
The article is devoted to the formation of financial policy in the field of agro-industrial complex, in its economic and social aspects, the main goals, elements and directions of development at the present stage. The article considers the main directions of financial policy in the agricultural sector using the example of the Volgograd region, which is one of the leading regions of the southern Federal district in terms of agricultural planning, economics and engineering. The article concludes that at the moment, the region has chosen a liberal model of financial policy that offers the maximum package of incentives for agribusiness. At the same time, the article also identified existing problems in the system of formation and implementation of financial and legal policy in the agricultural sector of the region, as well as outlined possible ways to solve them by modernizing the budget process, ensuring the stability of the regional budget and its balance in the long term, improving the efficiency of Executive authorities and stateinstitutions.
The optimal formation and selection strategies for ensuring environmental safety is a key topical aspect of the first half of the XXI century. In conditions of limited economic resources and a disturbed ecological balance, is especially important to take into account inter-sectoral externalities that determine the choice of optimal mechanisms, both stimulating and restraining positive and negative external effects from institutional approach standpoint. The article provides an overview of the existing and substantiation of the author’s directions for the strategy of ensuring environmental safety in regional socio-economic systems, taking into account inter-sectoral externalities. The article analyzes the possibility of forming a platform for the system of responsible education in ensuring the ecological balance for present and future generations, aimed at using optimal strategies that allow to gently, without creating tension, regulate the responsible consumption of all types of resources. It is assumed that on the platform of responsible education system, the formation of a personality is carried out, based on: 1) awareness of equal access right of every person to a favorable environment; 2) understanding and accepting responsible resource use; 3) the obligation to adopt the institution of “soft environmental tax mechanisms”; 4) a responsible approach to cross-sectoral positive and negative externalities.
Whole-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequencing tools are crucial for tracking the COVID-19 pandemic. However, current techniques require sampling of actively infectious patients following COVID-19 testing to recover enough SARS-CoV-2 RNA from the nasopharyngeal passage, which rapidly clears during the first few weeks of infection. A prospective assessment of the viral genome sourced from recovered non-infectious patients would greatly facilitate epidemiological tracking. Thus, we developed a protocol to isolate and sequence the genome of SARS-CoV-2 from stool samples of post-acute SARS-CoV-2 patients, at timepoints ranging from 10-120 days after onset of symptoms. Stool samples were collected from patients at varying timepoints post-convalescence, and viral DNA was isolated and sequenced using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen Inc.) and Ion Ampliseq™ Library Kit Plus (Life Technologies Corporation). Capacity of neutralizing antibodies in patient plasma was tested using a Luminex panel (Coronavirus Ig Total Human 11-Plex ProcartaPlex™ Panel, ThermoFisher). Of 64 samples obtained from post-acute patients, 21 (32.8%) yielded sufficient material for whole-genome sequencing. This allowed us to identify widely divergent phylogenetic relativity of the SARS-CoV-2 genome from post-acute patients living in the same households and infected around the same time. Additionally, we observed that individuals who recovered from infection expressed varying degrees of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins that corresponded to distinct variants. Interestingly, we identified a novel point mutation in the viral genome where infected patients expressed antibodies with a significantly reduced capacity to neutralize the virus in vitro relative to that of those infected with the wild-type strain. Altogether, we demonstrate a protocol to successfully sequence the SARS-CoV-2 genome from stool samples from patients up to 4 months post-infection, which can be applied to studies that assess the relationship between variants and immune response post-hoc and safe monitoring of the SARS-CoV-2 genome during the pandemic.
Worldwide globalization and the development of market relations in Russia is accompanied by toughening the competition between foreign and Russian producers. In these conditions, enterprise managers are forced to look for new ways to increase their products competitiveness, taking into account the changing market situation. As practice shows, in modern business conditions, only those solutions that are based on a deep understanding of the competitive market struggle nature and mechanisms are effective. The stability of the meat market is determined by the stability of the market entities activities. This stability is achieved by combining the effective implementation of their competitive strategy with the scientifically sound economic and social policies of the state, aimed at ensuring favorable conditions for the economic entities functioning and improving the population living standards.
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