Introduction. The need for speech development of young children with delayed speech development is indicated in theoretical and practical studies as prevention of the risk of general speech underdevelopment. The aim of the study is to assess the dynamics of speech development for young children with delayed speech development in the conditions of parent involvement in speech therapy work for the prevention of general speech underdevelopment. Materials and methods. The study involved 88 young children with delayed speech development at the age of 2.4 ± 0.3 years, 88 parents at the age of 25 ± 3 years. The following research methods and techniques were used: Psychological and Pedagogical Diagnostics of Early and Preschool Age Children Development by Strebeleva, E.A., The Methodology of Studying the Prerequisites for the Formation of Young Children’s Speech by Gerasimenko, Yu.V., Diagnostics of Mental Development Level for Children from 0 to 3 by Smirnova, E.O., questionnaire revealing readiness of parents for speech therapy work by Borodina, V. A., Vasilyeva, K. S.; statistical processing was carried out using the Student’s t–test. Results. The data obtained allowed us to note that a low level of articulatory motor skills and fine motor skills, a low level of impressive and expressive speech prevails among young children with delayed speech development (DSD). The survey of parents showed a low level of information readiness and an average level of motivational readiness to be included in the remedial and developmental process. Significant changes in the speech development of young children in the experimental group (tempEG=7.744; p>0.001) occurred after the application of a specially developed programme, provided that parents were involved in the prevention of general speech underdevelopment of young children with delayed speech development, whereas for children in the control group the dynamics was less pronounced (tempCG=2.571; p>0.05). This fact proves the effectiveness of the implemented speech therapy work with young children to overcome the risk of general speech underdevelopment, provided that parents are involved in the speech therapy process. Conclusion. The data obtained in the study of speech development features of young children with delayed speech development allow us to state that the effectiveness of early speech therapy increased after the involvement of parents in speech therapy work to prevent general speech underdevelopment due to the activation of independent speech, the development of articulatory and fine motor skills, the development of passive and active vocabulary, as well as the formation of coherent speech. The results of the experimental study can become the basis for the development of a comprehensive programme of early care for children at risk for the occurrence of general speech underdevelopment and professional development programmes for specialists, working in early remedial care.
The relevance of the article is due to the need to study writing disorders as one of the most common speech pathologies, in particular in children with mental retardation (hereinafter referred to as “MR”). Children of this category constitute a potential risk group for the occurrence of optical dysgraphia, due to the lack of development of a number of verbal and non-verbal mental functions. Consequently, it is required to create special conditions for psychological and pedagogical support for preparing children with MR for literacy training. The research purpose is to substantiate, develop, test and analyze the effectiveness of a speech therapy program for the prevention of optical dysgraphia in preschoolers with MR in an inclusive education based on a neuropsychological approach. To conduct an empirical study, the methodology by Zh.M. Glozman, A.Yu. Potanina, A.E. Soboleva “Neuropsychological diagnostics in preschool age” was used, which reveals the factors of predisposition in preschoolers with MR to optical dysgraphia. The study involved 64 preschoolers with MR. According to the results of the ascertaining experiment, 47% of preschoolers with MR showed a high level, 16% – a very high level and 19% – a critical level of predisposition to optical dysgraphia, with the most pronounced disorders in the development of spatial gnosis and visual memory. Speech therapy on the prevention of optical dysgraphia in preschoolers with MR, aimed at the development of basic functions (object gnosis, spatial gnosis, hand-eye coordination, visual memory, attention concentration), the formation and development of letter gnosis has proven to be effective. There were significant changes in the qualitative characteristics of the predisposition to optical dysgraphia (p> 0.01). Research materials can be used by speech therapists in organizing and performing correctional and developmental work with this category of children with disabilities in an inclusive education.
Introduction. The need to include parents in the correctional and educational process of children with disabilities is indicated in international and federal regulations, in Russian and foreign theoretical and practical studies. However, most parents have little idea of possibilities of their participation in the correction of developmental disorders, in particular, the correction of speech disorders in children. The study of parents’ correctional and speech therapy competence in order to develop a program for organizing the speech therapy work of parents with preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment (GSU) determines the relevance of this study. Materials and methods. The study involved 96 people, including 48 preschoolers with three-level GSU at the age of 5-6 and 48 parents at the age of 27±5.4. Research methods and techniques: a questionnaire by V.A. Borodina, K.S. Vasilyeva, which reveals the components of parents’ correctional and speech therapy competence (motivational, cognitive, activity and evaluative ones); statistical processing was carried out using Student's t-test. Results. According to the results of the ascertaining experiment, 54% of parents showed an average level and 46% – a low level of correctional and speech therapy competence. After applying a specially developed program for organizing parents’ speech therapy work with preschoolers with GSU, significant changes in parents’ correctional and speech therapy competence were diagnosed: a low level was detected in 4% of the parents, an average level – in 42%, and a high level – in 54%. When comparing the indicators before and after the formative experiment using Student's t-test, significant differences were revealed in the level of corrective speech therapy competence of parents of preschoolers with GSU (temp =12.0 p≤0.001). Conclusion. The data obtained in the study of the correctional and speech therapy competence of parents of children with GSU show that after the parents are included in speech therapy work to correct speech disorders in children by increasing parents’ motivation to interact with teachers of an educational institution, parents’ awareness of children’s speech development, special training in the organization of speech therapy classes with children, the effectiveness of speech therapy work to overcome general speech underdevelopment in preschoolers has increased.
Логопедическая помощь детям группы риска в раннем возрасте Актуальность статьи обусловлена необходимостью создания специальных условий для речевого и психического развития детей группы риска по общему недоразвитию речи в раннем возрасте. Возраст с 1 до 3 лет является сензитивным для развития речи, однако, большой процент детей не посещают дошкольные образовательные организации, поэтому не получают непрерывную логопедическую помощь, что обуславливает необходимость организации и определения содержания целенаправленной комплексной психолого-педагогической работы. Цель настоящего исследованияразработка, апробация и оценка эффективности программы логопедической работы по профилактике общего недоразвития речи у детей группы риска 2-3 лет. Для проведения эмпирического исследования была составлена методика, позволяющая диагностировать уровень познавательного, моторного и речевого развития детей раннего возраста. В исследовании приняло участие 60 детей в возрасте 2-3 лет, посещающие группы кратковременного пребывания дошкольных образовательных учреждений. В ходе проведения констатирующего эксперимента было выявлено 15 детей (25%) с низким уровнем развития речи, которых мы отнесли к детям группы риска по ОНР. Организация комплексной работы на основе метода сенсорно-интегративной логотерапии с детьми группы риска по ОНР в возрасте 2-3 лет позволила проследить эффективность апробированной нами программы логопедической помощи. Произошли значимые изменения в уровне их познавательного развития (p ≤ 0,02), моторного развития (p ≤ 0,02) и речевого развития (p ≤ 0,001). Материалы исследования могут быть использованы при подготовке бакалавров и магистров, обучающихся по дефектологическому направлению, а также для практикующих специалистов психолого-педагогического сопровождения при организации и обеспечении коррекционноразвивающей работы с данной категории детей с ограниченными возможностями здоровья в условиях групп кратковременного пребывания. Ключевые слова: комплексная психолого-педагогическая помощь, дети с ограниченными возможностями здоровья, дети группы риска по общему недоразвитию речи, психо-речевое развитие, коррекционно-развивающая работа, профилактика общего недоразвития речи Перспективы Науки и Образования Международный электронный научный журнал
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.