This study makes a systemic review to cluster and create a competitiveness relationship considering a systems dynamics approach. A dynamic hypothesis was constructed to validate what factors increase a cluster’s level of competitiveness, through causal analysis. Then, the causal diagram that validates the dynamic H0 hypothesis was constructed in Vensim PLE systems®. Literature review shows the evolution of the cluster system according to the current needs of the market, and emphasizes the need for new approaches and models that capture the complexity and dynamics of this system, allowing the understanding of its structure and the evaluation of the contribution of factors and capabilities to cluster competitiveness. It highlights the usefulness of systems dynamics as a simulation methodology for dynamic and complex systems, and establishes itself as a growing line of research applied to various systems of study. Dynamic hypothesis H0 was validated using the causal diagram, reaching the conclusion that innovation, productive management, financial management, organizational management, commercial management, and cluster management factors positively increase the cluster competitiveness level. From structure analysis, the behavior is associated to the archetype “Path Dependence”, usual in growing industrial markets.
For this study, articles from the fields of Social Sciences; Economics; Econometrics and Finance; Business and Management; and Accounting have been monitored for the period from 1979 to 2019. VOSviewer® was used to create, visualize and explore bibliometric information from Scopus scientific database, for the identification of trends about indicators that have not been frequently considered, compared to competitiveness regional indexes territorial competitiveness indicators. It has generated preliminary conclusions using citation relationships between journals, collaborative relationships between researchers, and coexistence relationships between scientific terms from the identified target literature. The identified trends are related to Renewable energy, Sustainability, Higher Education, Destination Competitiveness, Knowledge Management, Cross Borders Regions and Small and Medium-sized Entrepreneurship.
Entrepreneurship is a subject that according to literature has not been studied in technical institutions and institutions of education for work and human development. Because it has been done primarily in university institutions, primary and secondary schools. Based on the above, this research carries out a trend analysis and then analyzes the business intention given in the technical institutions in Barranquilla, Colombia. For this, the study is administered an online instrument to 738 students, considering the guide of the World Survey of University Business Spirits (GUESSS). The results obtained in the analysis indicate that the qualifications of the attributes that characterize the business intention of students of technical institutions are very similar to the Colombian average for the programs of university institutions, although there is no structure of business support.
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