This article articulates that there is the need to abridge the situation of international experience in protecting and keeping public order in courts and also in ensuring the possibilities of its application in Ukraine. In order for us to have a concrete understanding of this concepts, it has been concluded that there is currently any world practice of the most effective and universal mechanism for ensuring and keeping public order in courts. This activity in most countries is usually entrusted to several services or law enforcement agencies. The experience of protecting and keeping public order in courts has been distinguished, which must be taken into account for the development of the Ukrainian Judicial Protection Service, where close and trusting relations has been established between the law enforcement service in courts and the judges of a particular court; carrying out of the protection of public order should include not only ensuring the court premises with a sufficient number of highly professional security guards, but also its (court) equipment with the necessary technical and electronic devices; the judicial protection service should closely interact with law enforcement agencies of both state and local level, especially in regions with a high crime situation; the implementation of activities to ensure and keep public order in courts should be based on the relevant special conceptual and program documents, should provide specific approaches to risk assessment and forms and methods of responding to them.
The article examines the influence of the Internet on the child's development, behavior and interpersonal communication. The relevance of this problem lies in the search for a balanced and responsible use of information resources. The information field has a constructive effect on the cognitive, motivational and emotional sphere of the minor. The conducted criminological analysis made it possible to single out the main forms of destructive influence of the network on minors, which lead to: commission of offenses, popularization and adaptation of negative and dangerous behavior patterns (cyberbullying, trolling, cybergrooming, sexting, train surfing, rough riding); justifying and encouraging the use of profanity; formation of internet addiction; suicide or victimization. Prophylactic measures in the information sphere are proposed, which are based on the formation of media literacy in the juvenile environment. These measures will contribute to the development of children's conscious attitude to information; formation of acceptable communication skills; achieving goals in real life; will increase the level of sociability, self-esteem and stress resistance in children. Preventive measures should be the basis of information security and acceptable development of the young generation.
The article considers the legal basis for transplantation of human anatomical materials. The range of legal, ethical, social issues is outlined along with different approaches to legal regulation in the field of transplantology. It has been proved that the legal regulation of transplantation of anatomical materials to a person provides normative consolidation of the legal status of the recipient, donor, doctor and other subjects of this process. The main factors that determine the legal regulation of transplantation in Ukraine are identified, which are divided into two groups: previously formed and emerged recently. The stages of legal regulation of public administration in the field of transplantation are analyzed. The legal support of transplantation of human anatomical materials in Ukraine, which is carried out in accordance with the "encouraging voluntary approach". This characterizes the "presumption of disagree-ment." Ethical issues related to donation and awareness of potential health risks are disclosed. It is estab-lished that the right to dispose of anatomical materials belongs to the holder of this right such may be delegated or after death decided by a certain group of persons in accordance with the law. Within the framework of ensuring the formation and implementation of state policy in the field of health care, the Law of Ukraine "On the use of transplantation of human anatomical materials" was analyzed. Problems that exist in the field of health care in Ukraine, it is advisable to solve in two dimensions: legal and moral and ethical. The legal dimension provides for the adoption of relevant legal acts, first of all, the codified normative legal act - the Medical Code of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On Voluntary Medical Insurance". When addressing the moral and ethical issues of transplantation, it is necessary to create an effective mechanism to protect the rights of donors, recipients and medical staff. Also, it is important to focus on improving the legal literacy of society, through information and scientific support in this area.
The article is devoted to the state of judicial reform in Ukraine. Some regularities of the judicial system development, problematic issues of its reforming are analyzed. The directions of further transformation of the judiciary on the basis of financial independence, professional staffing and trust are outlined. The results of sociological research, which form the basis of further judicial reforms, are presented. The importance of building trust in the court as a basis for independence is identified. It is concluded that further implementation of judicial reform should take place with the maximum participation of the judiciary in this process. Particular attention is paid to the origins and need for restorative justice as an alternative to juvenile justice. The study found that restorative justice is an effective and socially acceptable form of preventive action against juvenile delinquency. Judicial reform needs to be carried out on the basis of preserving what works effectively: preserving national traditions; introduction of innovative experience of the leading countries of the world with a high level of realization of the right to a fair and professional court. And most importantly, do not turn the justice system into a testing ground for risky, politically engaged judicial experiments. Overcoming the negative processes taking place in various spheres of state power, stabilizing economic and political relations, building respect and trust in all branches of government will contribute to the gradual realization of the independence of the judiciary.
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