Purpose. To analyze the state and trends of innovative development of the countries of the world, to define the place of Ukraine in the international arena and forecast its innovation. Methodology. The methodological basis was formed by general scientific theoretical methods: generalization, explanation, grouping; statistical method (for a comprehensive assessment of the state and trends of innovative activity of the economies of the countries of the world and Ukraine); methods of analysis and synthesis, economic and mathematical methods of forecasting, methods of abstraction and visualization (for a visual demonstration of the actual data and the results of the study). Findings. The level of innovativeness of the world’s economies and Ukraine’s position in the ranking of the Global Innovation Index (GII) are analyzed. The positive/stimulating influence of globalization processes on the spread of innovations, as well as discriminatory methods of innovative development (“dumping” of second-order technologies in developing countries) are noted. The GII forecast is determined using a regression model of the dependence of this indicator on the specific weight of innovation-active enterprises in the total number of industrial enterprises and innovation costs. The forecasting results showed a slight downward trend in the value of the GII of Ukraine. It is argued that in order to increase the level of innovativeness of the national economy, to strengthen Ukraine’s competitive position, and taking into account the fact that the economies of other countries do not stop in their development, it is necessary to significantly intensify innovative activity in Ukraine. Originality. A scientific-methodical approach to predicting the innovativeness of economic development is proposed depending on the specific weight of innovatively active enterprises in the total number of industrial enterprises and innovation costs. There is an opportunity to carry out predictive and planning calculations of the selected forecasting object, to investigate the behavior of the macroeconomic system in the context of the innovativeness of its development, to make adjustments to the strategic management system at the state level in order to stimulate innovative processes and influence the results of the innovative development of Ukraine in the global dimension. Practical value. The proposed scientific-methodical approach makes it possible to assess the trends of the level of innovativeness of development in the future and becomes an informative basis for developing a system of measures for the activation of innovative activity.
The article substantiates the relevance of the study of institutional and security aspects of the development of entrepreneurship in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. The object of the research is the development of entrepreneurship and institutional and security factors of the business environment. It was determined that the improvement of the institutional and security aspects of the development of entrepreneurship in the conditions of digitalization of the economy requires the implementation of an innovation-oriented management model that will cause revolutionary or convergent changes in the field of business. A strategic map and component studies of the market situation in the direction of identifying institutional and security aspects of the development of entrepreneurship are proposed. Entrepreneurs, state managers or other market stakeholders must use all the advantages of the existing intellectual, production and technological arsenal or administrative resource, including experiments, a combination of management tools or existing resources and knowledge with the aim of the most effective transformation of institutional and security components of the development of entrepreneurship in conditions of digitalization economy. Attention is focused on the fact that the improvement of the process of managing institutional and security aspects of the development of entrepreneurship is expressed in innovative management activities, strategic orientation of the enterprise, creativity and professionalism of managers, faster response to changes in the external environment and achievement of stable competitive business positions.
Effective business can also be considered a source of technological change and the key to ensuring the competitiveness of the national economy. At the same time, such activities should be based on the philosophy of "kaizen", ie focus on continuous product improvement, production technology, marketing tools and labor organization, which in the long run should lead to profit and satisfaction of the general population. An important role in ensuring the effective development of knowledge-based entrepreneurship is played by the ability to adapt and diversify production, taking into account available resources, especially knowledge. In this case, access to new knowledge through the use of the process of assimilation of existing technologies through both market and non-market channels is not as time-consuming and capitalintensive process as generating knowledge as a result of personal research and development by the entrepreneur personally. This is based on the fact that the research activities of entrepreneurs are associated with a high level of risk, which can lead to bankruptcy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The emergence of innovations in entrepreneurship and their dissemination is based on the transfer of technology and only together (innovation and technology) form a set of phenomena characteristic of scientific and technological progress in the innovation economy. Knowledge in the innovative economy, acquired by the entrepreneur -is a specific type of good with its inherent characteristics [20][21][22]. On the one hand, it is a public good available in the form of research, articles, reports, and on the other hand, it can be traded on the market. In this case, knowledge in an innovative economy is considered by the entrepreneur as information or goods that need protection under intellectual property rights. Knowledge in an innovative economy covers almost everything that surrounds a person [23][24][25][26][27]. Diffusion of technologies and knowledge is purely technical in nature, as it does not guarantee its effective assimilation by enterprises. Fundamental in this process is the presence of skills in the entrepreneur to master technologies, create new ones, as well as modification and adaptation of technological capabilities or industrial facilities to the use of capital goods. Effective technology transfer and assimilation should include an extensive range of resources for entrepreneurs, not only technical but also organizational skills, experience in marketing, management or finance.Effective transfer of technological solutions between market stakeholders, especially in different countries, requires the simultaneous flow of knowledge using multiple channels. In addition to the transfer of codified technologies and knowledge
Modern entrepreneurship undergoes constant and rapid transformations. This affects the strengthening of the institutional dynamics of changes, requiring their constant reconfiguration, which is caused by the close interweaving of communications between institutions and business, as well as the increase in globalization, competition, and the complexity of migration processes. These changes occur both in institutions and in entrepreneurship, which requires the state to constantly respond to trends in the specified sector of the economy and the institutions that form it.In the modern world economy, the term "knowledge-based economy" or knowledge economy is used. Such an economy characterizes countries that set an innovative trend in world development based on high-tech production, distribution and use of knowledge and information. The concept of the development of a knowledgebased economy requires, first of all, a resource of knowledge, which is of crucial importance for the formation of a high level of innovativeness and competitiveness of the country.The rate of introduction of new knowledge affects the depth of scientific and technological progress in the economy. Scientific and technological progress should be equated with resource conservation in industry and the production process, products made primarily as a result of deep scientific research and development. Scientific and technological progress means quantitative, structural and qualitative changes in the system of the national economy that involve the use of new management methods, alternative types of energy, innovative tools for the adaptation of enterprises to the external environment, the result of which is the emergence of updated products, technologies and methods of production organization. In works [1-9] the channels and features of knowledge dissemination are defined in detail, at the same time they need to be improved in today's conditions.Thus, we consider a strong institutional foundation for the development of entrepreneurship in the innovative knowledge economy as one of the concepts for the development of a competitive national and regional economy. The knowledgebased economy forces to strengthen the innovativeness of entrepreneurship and deepen the cooperation of local entities in the direction of creating innovative technologies and their further commercialization on the markets. The knowledgebased economy is based on many important aspectsscience, entrepreneurship,
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