International sex trafficking into the United States appears to be a serious and growing problem, although the evidence regarding prevalence, risk, and consequences is incomplete. Nonetheless, human service providers are increasingly being asked to offer services to sex trafficking survivors. Consequently, providers need information to guide services and program development in this emerging practice area. To address this knowledge need, we systematically reviewed and synthesized 20 documents addressing the needs of and services for international survivors of sex trafficking into the United States. The main finding from the review shows the importance of a continuum of aftercare services to address survivors' changing needs as they move from initial freedom to recovery and independence. Based on our synthesis of the reviewed literature, we present a service delivery framework to guide providers' development of services for survivors.
This study examined the frequency of peer victimization and psychological symptom correlates among youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The Schwartz Peer Victimization Scale, Children's Depression Inventory, and Asher Loneliness Scale were administered to 52 children and adolescents diagnosed with OCD. The child's parent or guardian completed the Child Behavior Checklist, and a trained clinician administered the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY- BOCS). Fifty-two healthy controls and 52 children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) who were administered the Schwartz Peer Victimization Scale as part of another study were included for comparison purposes. Greater rates of peer victimization were reported in youth with OCD relative to healthy controls and children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Peer victimization in the OCD sample was positively related to loneliness, child-reported depression, parent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and clinician-rated OCD severity. Peer victimization fully mediated the relation between OCD severity and both depression and parent reports of child externalizing behaviors and partially mediated the relation between OCD severity and loneliness. Recognition of the magnitude of the problem and contribution problematic peer relations may play in comorbid psychological conditions is important for clinicians who see children with OCD.
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