О б а в т о р е : Я М П О Л Ь С К А Я Н а т а л и я В а с и л ь е в н а , Ph.D., старший научный сотрудник Отдела Центральной и Южной Азии ИВР РАН (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)
The Clear Script was created in 1648, but most of the surviving manuscripts and xylographs written in this alphabet date back to a much later period, the 18th—19th centuries. Until recently the letter of Galdan Boshogtu Khan addressed to the Tsar of Russia in 1691 was considered to be the earliest surviving document in the Clear Script. In 2016—2018 new artefacts were discovered that date back to the first decades of writing in Oirat. These are fragments of manuscripts on birch bark, which adds to their value, as Oirat manuscripts on birch bark are extremely rare. This paper suggests a reading of the text of three fragments found in Ablaikit — the Heart Sutra translated by Zaya paṇḍita — and comments on several specific features of this text.
The authors of this article present a summary of the unpublished catalogue of Oirat manuscripts and xylographs preserved at the Cabinet for Collecting, Cataloguing and Publishing Old Books of Ethnic Minorities, the National Affairs Committee of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (Ürümqi), compiled by the keeper of the collection Do. Galdan. The fund contains around 400 books that have been collected among the Mongolian population of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region since 1984. The Catalogue compiled by Do. Galdan is a list of 397 entries structured according to the order of shelfmarks: the items are neither classified by topic nor indexed, which does not allow to search for a particular text inside the collection. Therefore, classifying and grouping the items is the principal task pursued in this article. Its main focus is a thematic index to the upcoming catalogue. The index is preceded by commentary that introduces the classification of texts and notes the highlights of the collection. The texts were classified based on their titles and the descriptions of their content provided by Do. Galdan in his draft catalogue. The overall number of surviving Oirat manuscripts is limited, and the value of the materials preserved in Ürümqi is beyond dispute. What makes this collection exceptional is its local and popular character which reflects the tradition of text-related practices spread among the Oirat population of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in the 20th century.
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