The article is dedicated to the solution of some tasks faced when teaching students of architectural departments and related to insufficient knowledge of technical science. The need for introducing a profound study of such technical disciplines as "Structural performance of materials", "Construction mechanics" into the educational program of architecture students has been proved. Methodological principles for selecting and structuring the contents of the Architetonics discipline have been defined. A project for scientific and methodological support of the Architectonics discipline has been developed. We state that currently there is a wide range of graphical software products allowing students of architectural departments to model various interesting shapes. Along with that, we note that graphic software products do not allow for adequate check of the constructive solution, so educational modeling is frequently limited by solving space-planning and imaginary tasks. A problem of implementing calculation and designing software into the educational architectural designing has been considered. Keywords Architectonics, Design of architectural and engineering structures, Educational program of architecture, Integrated system of strength analysis, Russian engineering education.
The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design solution of the building of a preschool educational establishment in the city of Guastalla (Italy) with the aim of the possibility of adapting such a project to the conditions of Russian cities. A set of basic requirements for preschool buildings according to Russian building codes and rules is presented. They are grouped into four main groups: compliance with sanitary- hygienic and psychological requirements, safety, durability, cost-effectiveness, good appearance. A detailed analysis of the structural design of buildings based on a glued laminated frame with curved sections is presented from an environmental point of view. The conclusion is made about the inadmissibility of the use of glued laminated frames as a structural element of the preschool buildings. It is emphasized that the preschool building must in a special way satisfy the physiological needs of a small person. If this requirement is not met, no other advantages of the building will make it suitable for a comfortable and safe stay of children. The paper also presents a comparison of the development trends in the architecture of modern preschool buildings in the Russian and foreign practice of design and construction.
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