Introduction: The relationship between periodontal diseases and atherosclerosis is addressed in this article. Both these diseases have an inflammatory basis. Because periodontal disease is a risk factor for developing atherosclerotic vascular disease, diagnosis of the former is important. Particular attention must be paid to patients who have periodontal disease with other risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease. Recommendations managing these patients have been made included. The aim: The paper is aimed at familiarization of broad medical public with the presence of the relationship between diseases of periodontal tissues and atherosclerosis. Materials and methods: A thorough comprehensive analysis and generalization of scientific achievements elucidated in the fundamental and periodical publications, relating to diseases of the periodontal tissues and atherosclerosis, has been carried out. Review: The article consists of many researchers regarding the prevalence and intensity of periodontal tissue diseases in people of all ages. Problems associated with the state of periodontal tissues in people under study as dentists and general practitioners. Proven role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases of the periodontal tissues in people with atherosclerosis. In the modern concept of the etiology and pathogenesis of periodontal diseases in people is extremely important role for the immune system and resistance to periodontal bacterial invasion. Analyzed common changes important for pathogenesis of periodontal tissue diseases and atherosclerosis. Conclusions: Consequently, recent studies have shown a clear, directly proportional relationship between periodontal tissue diseases and atherosclerosis, but mechanisms for their development and interaction are not fully disclosed.
The aim: Find out the nature of the changes sensitivity of the heart to the cholinergic influences the development of diabetes depending on gender. Materials and methods: In experiments on adult male and female rats, type 1 diabetes by momentary introduction of streptozotocin at a dose of 60 mg/ kg into the peritoneal cavity was modeled. Animals were examined after 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after introduction of streptozotocin. We studied the sensitivity of cholinoreceptors of sinus node by the intensity of bradycardia with intravenous injection of acetylcholine and electrical stimulation of the peripheral segment of the right vagus nerve. Results: It was established that the intensity of the negative chronotropic effect of heart of males by electric stimulation of the vagus nerve, which depends on the reserves of acetylcholine in the presynaptic section and sensitivity of postsynaptic cholinoreceptors, increased gradually and after 90 days prevailed the output value in 2.2 times. This occurred at the background of a slight (10 %) decrease in response to exogenous acetylcholine that reflected the decrease in sensitivity of cholinoreceptors. In females the maximum increase (in 4.4 times) of the intensity of the negative chronotropic effect of vagus nerve stimulation was observed after 30 days from the start of the experiment. After 90 days, this indicator prevailed the controlled one in 3.3 times, which occurred at the background of heart response decreasing to exogenous acetylcholine (in 1.7 times). Conclusions: Obtained results suggest a more significant change in state of cholinoceptor system of myocardium of females compared with males in the dynamics of development of streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
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