The resident microbiota of three oyster species (Crassostrea corteziensis, Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea sikamea) was characterised using a high-throughput sequencing approach (pyrosequencing) that was based on the V3-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. We analysed the changes in the bacterial community beginning with the postlarvae produced in a hatchery, which were later planted at two grow-out cultivation sites until they reached the adult stage. DNA samples from the oysters were amplified, and 31 008 sequences belonging to 13 phyla (including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes) and 243 genera were generated. Considering all life stages, Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum, but it showed variations at the genus level between the postlarvae and the adult oysters. Bacteroidetes was the second most common phylum, but it was found in higher abundance in the postlarvae than in adults. The relative abundance showed that the microbiota that was associated with the postlarvae and adults differed substantially, and higher diversity and richness were evident in the postlarvae in comparison with adults of the same species. The site of rearing influenced the bacterial community composition of C. corteziensis and C. sikamea adults. The bacterial groups that were found in these oysters were complex and metabolically versatile, making it difficult to understand the host-bacteria symbiotic relationships; therefore, the physiological and ecological significances of the resident microbiota remain uncertain.

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This is the first culture-independent study showing the effect of Streptomyces over the oyster microbiota. It also sheds light about the potential use of Streptomyces to improve mollusc health and safety for consumers after the depuration process.

Introduction. Feeding difficulties is a perception that the child not feds correctly. It is a common concern of young children caregivers. Objective. To define characteristics of 1 to 5 years, users of public and private Montevideo institutions children with feeding difficulties and identify associated variables. Subjects and Methods. Healthy children between 1 and 5 years were included. They were questioned if they had feeding difficulties. Personal history, features food and nutritional status were. Results. 205 children were included; 42,4% had feeding difficulties. These children did not have more pathological antecedents, or alterations in nutritional status, they were more distracting during the meal, received more rewards and punishments to feed and were fed by their mothers in a greater proportion. Conclusions. Feeding difficulties prevalence was similar to the reported in other studies. They were identified as association factors specific characteristics of the food environment and behavior adult responsible.