Background: Novice nurses (newly qualified within the first 3-year period of professional practice after registration) must first face the reality and complexity of caring for high-acuity patients in the critical care setting, which can be an unfamiliar and demanding environment. The successful transition from education to professional practice of novice nurses hired for intensive care must be supported.Aim: To explore Polish novice nurses' readiness to practice in an intensive care unit (ICU). Our study objectives included investigating pre-registration preparation for work in an ICU, identifying the most needed competencies to work in an ICU, and analysing organizational aspects of the professional orientation period.Study design: A qualitative phenomenology design was applied.Methods: We conducted qualitative content analysis based on individual semistructured in-depth interviews. Study recruitment was performed using a purposeful and network sampling strategy. The final number of participants was 17 Polish novice nurses. Results:The majority of responders replied that they were not prepared to work in an ICU after graduation. Professional orientation was planned-generally for a period of 3 months; however, in most places it was shortened. The respondents identified the five competencies most needed to work in an ICU: communication, teamwork, professional self-confidence, and knowledge and its practical use. Their enhancement could be achieved through simulations during both pre-registration and professional training. Conclusion:Analysis of the novice nurses' orientation period revealed many difficulties that indicated a lack of readiness to practice in an ICU after graduation. Identifying novice nurses' strengths and weaknesses regarding clinical competence is important to guide the design of orientation programmes in ICU settings and nursing education programmes.Relevance to clinical practice: Readiness for ICU work may be improved by enriching education with simulations that enable training in the practical use of knowledge and
Companies searching for a key to further development and maintaining an advantage over their competition pay attention to various factors. Some invest in technological innovations, other choose process and organisational structure optimisation, some focus on building an organisational culture promoting effectiveness or search for new market opportunities. This publication will focus on those companies, which build their position among their competitors based on properly implemented loss elimination strategy. Therefore, the purpose of this publication (a second part of an ongoing cycle) is to analyse the selected products focusing in the participation of raw material purchase cost in the total production cost of a given product. This will allow to propose a strategy in the upcoming part, which will have a measurable effect on lowering the production costs and increasing the value of the production plant.
The subject of interest of hereby article is the identification of features related to "the leanness" of production units. In the context of the above, research was undertaken, the main purpose of which was to verify wide list of features which are available in many publications. To achieve this purpose, surveys were conducted among Lean Production experts. The research allowed the authors to define the managers' preference for features of "the leanness" of production units and they significance. On the basis of managers' preferences, KPIs were also selected, to assess preferred features of "the leanness". The rank of this KPIs may be the basis for the evaluation of lean production units project variants (using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method).
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