Children with congenital urea cycle disorders are at a high risk for cerebral damage, mental retardation and other developmental disabilities. Intellectual outcome appears to be correlated with the severity of the underlying cerebral damage and the duration of hyperammonemic coma. Thus, if a good outcome is to Le possible, early diagnosis and treatment is essential. However, even prospective treatment of affected children may not prevent cognitive impairment and even asymptomatic hyperammonemia may have subtle effects on intellect.

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This article reviews critically the experimental evidence in support of cognitive dissonance theory as applied to complex social events. The criticisms which can be made of this literature fall into 2 main classes. 1st, the experimental manipulations are usually so complex and the crucial variables so confounded that no valid conclusions can be drawn from the data. 2nd, a number of fundamental methodological inadequacies in the analysis of results-as, e.g., rejection of cases and faulty statistical analysis of the data-vitiate the findings. As a result, one can only say that the evidence adduced for cognitive dissonance theory is inconclusive. Suggestions are offered for the methodological improvement of studies in this area. The review concludes with the thesis that the most attractive feature of cognitive dissonance theory, its simplicity, is in actual fact a self-defeating limitation.Social psychologists have been trying for many years to predict the conditions under which attitudes and opinions are changed. In general their attempts have not been conspicuously successful. One of the first major breakthroughs in this area came when Leon Festinger (1957) published his book on A Theory of

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