Archaeometric analyses (Raman Spectroscopy Analysis, X-Ray Diffraction, and Electron Microprobe Analysis) of greenstone beads of the precolumbian Tairona culture (A.D. 1100–1600) of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, have revealed that they are made of variscite-group minerals. These beads were curated at the Museo del Oro, Bogotá, and the Archaeology Laboratory of the Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla. Variscite minerals of the variscite-strengite series are rare in nature, and therefore provenance data of source material are useful for the development of intercultural influence models. The abundance of this rare material in prehistoric Colombian collections strongly indicates not only that this material had important symbolic and prestige value for ancient Tairona societies (Nahuange and Tairona periods) but also that these societies participated in ancient trade routes, including, at least, the Andes of present-day Colombia and Venezuela, and the southern Caribbean coast.
Resumen:El objeto del presente artículo es desarrollar una propuesta metodológica para analizar la Coherencia de Políticas para el Desarrollo (CPD). Con este propósito, en primera instancia se analizan las distintas visiones sobre la CPD para establecer luego un enfoque comprehensivo de Coherencia adaptado a los procesos de interdependencia y transnacionalización propios de la actual era global. En este marco, se propone un marco metodológico basado en cuatro dimensiones de análisis con una agenda de investigación para cada una de ellas. En cada dimensión se incorpora los ámbitos a investigar, los actores involucrados así como una serie de preguntas de investigación que pudieran valer de guía para el desarrollo de un estudio comprehensivo en CPD.Palabras clave: Coherencia de Políticas; desarrollo humano; marco metodológico; dimensiones.
Abstract:The purpose of this article is to develop a methodological framework for analyzing Policy Coherence for Development (PCD). With this goal, we analyze different views of PCD in order to establish a comprehensive approach of Coherence adapted to globalization process. In this context, the article proposes a methodological framework based on four dimensions of analysis in CPD. In each dimension, we set the areas and actors to investigate and we put forward research questions that could be use as a guide for a comprehensive approach to study PCD.
From a human development perspective, government policy should be to ensuring the free exercise of Human Rights for all citizens. Furthermore, governments must consider that those rights should not be restricted or limited by individual’s nationality. In this context, Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) acquires a fundamental importance. This article aims at analyzing the PCD agenda in Spain and the bureaucratic resistance to this agenda within the Spanish Government. The article concludes that the problem of PCD in Spain refers more related to some actors ´s private interests than to a confrontation between local and foreign the Human Rights, at it is sometimes stated by official authorities.
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