Osteochondropathies are degenerative and dystrophic diseases affecting various parts of the spongy bones. They are one of the most common diseases of the musculoskeletal system in children and adolescents, leading to disability in the absence of early diagnosis and timely treatment. Despite the fact that the etiology is currently insufficiently studied, there are many modern methods of diagnosing this pathology. Diagnostic radiology techniques are successfully used in modern medicine, but have both advantages and disadvantages. We review literature on radiology techniques for osteochondropathies diagnostic, such as radiography, ultrasound diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and some others. We analyze the results of the study of various researchers in this field and make the relevant conclusions. According to most researchers, the examination of patients with suspected osteochondropathy should begin with ultrasound examination. Osteodensitometry, perfusion magnetic resonance imaging, and pneumoarthrography can be used as auxiliary research methods in case of difficulties in making a diagnosis.
Modern methods of radiodiagnostics in traumatology practice require a doctor to conduct high-level examinations and accurate diagnosis of pelvic injuries in patients. For the purpose of an integrated approach X-ray analysis, multispiral computed tomography, ultrasound diagnostics are necessary. The review article provides a comparison of the optimal tactical approach for primary radiodiagnostics, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. Multispiral computed tomography is the main method of visualization, both at the stage of diagnosis and as a control study during the selection of therapeutic measures. To obtain the highest quality and complete diagnostic information for severe injuries of the pelvis and intra-pelvic organs, we consider methodological aspects and requirements for protocols for multispiral computed tomography. Material for the analysis and writing of the review are national and foreign medical literature, as well as electronic databases eLIBRARY, PubMed. The bibliographic search was carried out for 1989–2021.
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