Lagoas formadas em cavas de mineração de carvão são habitats próprios para organismos bentônicos, os quais, podem ser utilizados para indicar a qualidade de tais corpos d'água. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a comunidade de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em lagoa artificial em área minerada em processo de recuperação ambiental. Foram realizadas duas campanhas de amostragem, nas quais, foram dispostos 10 pontos amostrais em duas distâncias da margem, com revolvimento do substrato durante três minutos e coletas com puçá, totalizando uma hora de esforço amostral. Os dados foram analisados com base nos atributos de riqueza (Bootstrap e Chao1), abundância, diversidade (Shannon-Weaver) e qualidade ambiental da lagoa (BMWP’). Foram coletados 786 indivíduos pertencentes a 24 famílias. A riqueza estimada para a área ficou entre 24 e 25 famílias e a amostragem abrangeu entre 92% e 98%. Chironomidae (n = 363), Libellulidae (n = 99) e Culicidae (n =85) foram as mais abundantes. Foi observada diferença estatística nos valores de diversidade e abundância total entre as coletas (t = 3,027; p = 0,005 e t = 1,318; p = 0,01, respectivamente), com valores mais elevados na primavera. A qualidade da lagoa foi classificada como duvidosa de acordo com o índice BMWP’ em ambas as coletas, demonstrando que a mesma está comprometida e, embora a área esteja em processo de recuperação, as famílias mais abundantes são típicas de habitats poluídos. O estudo indica a importância do biomonitoramento no acompanhamento das condições ambientais e na adoção de medidas de recuperação de ambientes degradados.
Among the rocky shores’ biota, the networks of interaction between macroalgae and associated organisms, especially gastropods, stand out. In order to contribute to the understanding of the ecology of rocky shores, this study aims to evaluate the relation between macroalgae and associated gastropods in Ribanceira Beach, Imbituba, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The survey of algae samples took place in a wet season, using 20 cm x 20 cm quadrants, allocated in 18 transects distributed equally in the infra and mesolittoral zones, with five points each. In the laboratory, algae were screened and associated gastropods identified. Concepts of network theory were applied for a better understanding of interactions among organisms, where connectance descriptors, niche overlap and centrality index for each species were calculated. Multivariate techniques were used to assess the significance of intertidal zones, morphofunctional group and other variables in the composition of the associated gastropods. The sampling resulted in a total of 1.466 gastropods, distributed in 14 species and nine families. In relation to the macroalgae, 14 species were identified, with seven presenting associated gastropods. The ecological network showed low connectance and niche overlap for both levels (gastropods and macroalgae), suggesting the existence of many specific interactions. The centrality values highlighted Eulithidium affine (C.B. Adams, 1850) and Sargassum cymosum C. Agardh as key species in the studied network. The mass and morphofunctional group of the macroalgae sampled showed influence in the composition of the associated community. Cortical algae, especially S. cymosum, stood out with high levels of species richness and species density of associated gastropods, suggesting importance in the structural complexity of macroalgae for gastropods. The non-significant effect of the tidal zone for the gastropod composition was highlighted, suggesting that the nesting and foraging stability provided by the macroalgae allows the same gastropod species to occur in both infralittoral and mesolittoral zones.
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