This paper summarizes the results of the seminar “Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement”, held on August 26, 2022, at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad. During the seminar, the Institute of Geopolitical and Regional Studies of the university announced an initiative to devise a system of monitoring the geopolitical (regional) security of Russia. The debate centred around the development of a conceptual framework and a geopolitical security model as a prerequisite for the system. The discussion also covered other relevant issues, including the definition of geopolitical security and geopolitical space as well as the types of geopolitical threats and vulnerabilities. Another topic on the agenda was the analysis of theoretical approaches applicable to monitoring the geopolitical security in Russia. A constructivist approach based on discursive practices was viewed as the most promising for tracking changes in geopolitical threats. In this work, the emphasis should be placed on regional issues, i. e. the situation in particular regions. Other promising avenues for further research are the operationalization of relevant concepts and the development of a set of indicators of geopolitical threats and vulnerabilities, which Russia has already faced and may face in the future.
Aim. To study the key forms of the existence and functioning of ideology in modern Russian society.Methodology. The main methods of research are systematic, comparative, and phenomenological.Results. There are de facto two main forms of ideology in modern Russia. This is the official ideology, the ideology of dominant social groups, which is liberalism (but at the same time there is no de jure official ideology in Russia and there cannot be), and the catacomb ideology inherent in social groups that do not occupy key positions in the economic and political life of the country, which is conservatism. The full-fledged existence and manifestation of conservative ideology in all forms inherent in the official ideology depends to the greatest extent on these groups gaining real dominance or, more likely, real co-dominance in the economic and political systems of society.Research implications. The results of the study make a certain contribution to political theory, and are important for forecasting modern Russia’s political development.
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