Abstract-Climate change is one of the main concerns of our times, and it became even more noticeable due to its impact on global temperature, precipitation patterns, and even arctic sea ice melting. Moreover, it has been proven that climate change is one of the main factors affecting the Urban Heat Island (UHI); which in its turn, increases the energy demand in sustainable cities, where reducing power costs still a major challenge. Furthermore, in order to keep a balanced environment, and contribute to temperature mitigation, the use of vegetation cover is definitely one remarkable strategy. It helps decreasing the temperature down to the values required in sustainable development, reducing energy consumption, and lowering Greenhouse Emission (GHE). In this work, we assess the impact of green-roofs on UHI, and we try to define a decision model that helps calculating the best green-roof/green-infrastructure ratio. Besides, we aim to identify the best practices and measures to take in order to mitigate the UHI in semi-arid climate areas.Our work involves the use of a Geographic Information System (GIS), which provides a support to estimate the greenery conditions. Our methodology is based on a probabilistic and comparative approach, and evaluated using different green-roof models. We select a residential area in Constantine, Algeria as our study subject, and we use ENVI-met as the software support. Among the findings of this study, providing proper, yet experimentally proven recommendations on how, how much and where to use green roofs, was our main contribution. In addition, the results of our study indicate not only the impact of green-roofs on UHI, but also the effect of large-scale green-roof installation on the liveable areas in sustainable cities.Index Terms-Climate change, geographic information system, green-roofs, sustainable development, urban heat island.
Assessing the indoor microclimate of heritage and historic buildings is important to preserve them and their contents and study their decay and damage processes. This study aims to evaluate the thermo-hygrometric environment, and its impact on the exhibited objects and visitors’ comfort of an old Ottoman Palace (Ahmed Bey) converted into a museum. The National Museum of Traditional Arts and Cultural Expressions-Ahmed Bey Palace-is located in Constantine, North East of Algeria, characterized by a semi-arid climate. The building has internal courtyards and does not have an HVAC system. The most critical thermo-hygrometric parameters have been calculated and assessed in the exhibition’s permanents rooms using the HD32.3 datalogger during the winter period from January to March of 2019. The measured data were compared to acceptable values suggested by the Italian Standard UNI 10829 for artefact preservation and to the corresponding external outdoor conditions. The results show that the interior conditions of exhibition rooms are mainly dependent on the external climatic conditions. The air temperature values are out of the acceptable range, while the relative humidity values are higher than the acceptable values. Thus, the monitoring parameters are not reasonably acceptable for the preservation of the kind of objects exhibited and the thermal comfort of visitors.
Green Roof (GR) is one of the most applied strategies to Mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) recommended for sustainable cities. This research aims to examine and evaluate the effect of the GR/UGI ratio on UHI mitigation, creating Urban Cool Island (UCI). The study was carried out at Constantine, situated in the East part of Algeria, characterized by a semi-arid climate with high summer solar radiation intensity. An urban climate analysis was conducted during the hottest period of the year by means of remote sensing data using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. The results displayed that vegetation, urban density, and topography strongly affect UHI. Furthermore, other finding results in this research show that fixing GR/UGI ratio (with 0.0063 reduced the average air temperature by 1.24°C) in a large-scale urban area, can reduce the surface temperature by 4.00 degrees of the studied area.
Our object of study is the phenomenon of urban no-man's-land, which refers to all forms of empty, uninhabited, residual, and unoccupied spaces. This phenomenon is observed on several urban scales in the New urban housing areas across the city of El Khroub belonging to the urban area of the city of Constantine located in eastern Algeria. The objectives of this research are to examine this multi-dimensional phenomenon and to understand the dynamics and factors of the emergence of no man's land in cities through urban policies based on several approaches, methods, and tools. The historical and analytical approaches form the basis of the study. The survey method integrates the participation of citizens via non-participant observation techniques, as well as a multiple-choice questionnaire interview.
The environment is related to urban sprawl; it’s considered as the main threat to the natural city and the destruction of rural area. The aim of this study is to analyse changes on land-cover (urban task and forest-cover) in Annaba, using digital image processing techniques and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In order to analyse land-use change and natural resource degradation and subsequently understand the relationship between the two processes, we mapped the urban stain and the vegetation-cover using multi-temporal satellite images on the years of 2000 and 2017.In that case, after observing and characterising the areas altering by the urban expansion, the modeling of the urban sprawl effect on vegetation-cover is realised by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results displayed that; on 17 years; the urban growth of Annaba decreases the vegetation-cover by 28.50 %.
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