Primary care in the national health care service in Algeria plays an important role: the execution of the National Immunization Schedule for infants, the care of mother and child, the monitoring of chronically ill patients, etc. However, offering modern primary health care to cover the real health needs of the population requires responsible and courageous self-criticism, either by health officials or by health economists.This is a descriptive and analytical study that highlights the reality of primary health care in the Algerian health system, which aims to make a constructive critique in relation to the pillars and principles of modern and effective primary health care. We have arrived that the sine qua none conditions must be realized in order to boost the role of primary health care in Algeria, among them: organizational non-accessibility, medium or poor quality care, non-availability of resources early detection of some pathologies… are recurring problems which push the care-seeker to desert primary health care structures, as well as non-compliance with the organization of care.
The violence in health care settings is, at the moment, a subject of research which often concerns all the countries of the world, since this phenomenon is increasing in times of turbulence that can shake up the organization of the health system, as well as periods of crisis which can hamper the normal course of healthcare facilities.
At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, violence in healthcare settings in Algeria took a rather worrying turn. So we have confined ourselves to looking for the parties responsible for this violence, without venturing to follow the classic path which sheds light exclusively on the emerging part of the iceberg; in this case the care seeker. Among the solutions proposed to alleviate the scourge of violence during this critical period: enhance interactivity within hospitals in order to dismantle relationship barriers; preventive and repressive measures can be combined in order to regulate the behaviour of the care seeker; establish financial equity, which better serves the good citizen and which gives more responsibility to those who work in the informal sector.
Our objectives through this paper are multiple: to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children between 5–11 years; highlight the main causes that lead children under 12 years old to become overweight or obese, especially by highlighting the cause and effect relationship between eating disorders “bulimia nervosa” and obesityoverweigh; highlight the risk factors associated with overweight or obese children; and finally, the strategies to be planned and the policies to be applied to curb the phenomenon of obesity in this age group. This is a descriptive and cross-sectional survey which aims to study and analyze a representative sample of children under the age of 12 who attend a municipal swimming pool during the month of July 2018. The sample is made up of 509 children from less than 12 years old; the majority of children are regulars at the municipal swimming pool during the summer located in the department of Constantine, a department in the North-East of Algeria. Overweight affects 14% of children aged 5–11 years old, while moderate obesity affects 4% of children in this age category, frank obesity affects 1% of this age group. The percentage of boys and girls with a BMI3, 4 or 5 are around 13% and 23%, respectively, of the entire sample.
Notre objectif à travers ce papier est de mettre en valeur la stratégie d’audit comme un outil primordiale, afin de parvenir à une gouvernance d’entreprise pérenne, surtout après les scandales (Enron, Worldcom, Parmalat…) qui ont secoué le monde des affaires au début du 21éme siècle. Une nouvelle stratégie d’audit appelé « le risque business » a été développé par des cabinets d’audits américains, au début de ce siècle pour essayer de contrecarrer les scandales financiers. La spécificité de cette nouvelle approche d’audit ne se limite pas à l’évaluation de la sincérité des états de synthèse, elle permet à l’entreprise d’être à jours en matière d’ avancements enregistrer dans le domaine de gestion d’entreprise, les caractéristiques de l’entreprise et son environnement interne et externe, ainsi que le développement quasi-permanent des obligations et des droits des cabinets d’audit, etc
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