The beneficial effects of manure on soil properties, growth, and crop productivity have promoted its use for replacing the application of N fertilizer. However, it is not well understood to what extent N fertilizer was able to be substituted by cow manure. Accordingly, this pot experiment aimed to compare the effect of inorganic N fertilizer application alone with that of the combined use of inorganic N fertilizer with cow manure based on the same amount of total N on growth parameters, yield attributes, and nitrogen (N) uptake of black rice. The experiment was conducted under a screen house condition in Agriculture Faculty, Bengkulu University located at 15 meters altitude above sea level during the summer season of 2015. There were six treatments viz. T1 = 100% N from urea + 0% N from cow manure (0.52 g N + 0.00 g cow manure) pot-1, T2 = 80% N from urea + 20% N from cow manure (0.42 g N + 9.55 g cow manure) pot-1, T3 = 60% N from urea + 40% N from cow manure (0.31 g N + 19.10 g cow manure) pot-1, T4 = 40% N from urea + 60% N from cow manure (0.21 g N + 28.65 g cow manure) pot-1, T5 = 20% N from urea + 80% N from cow manure (0.10 g N+ 38.20 g cow manure) pot-1, and T6 = 0% N from urea + 100% N from cow manure (0.00 g N + 47.75 g cow manure) pot-1. The amount of inorganic N fertilizer in the form of urea and cow manure applied was calculated based on the recommended rate of 115.00 kg ha-1 for N fertilizer and 10.50 ton ha-1 for cow manure. These treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design and repeated three times. The results showed that the treatments significantly (P ?0.005) affected growth parameters as measured by plant height, the number of leaves, fresh shoot weight, fresh root weight, dry shoot weight, dry root weight, yield attributes as determined by the total number of tillers, the total number productive tillers, grain yield per pot, and N uptake. The highest values for all these variables were obtained in the treatment receiving recommended rate of urea only (100% N from urea + 0% N from cow manure as equivalence) and the lowest in the treatment receiving a100% N from cow manure (0% N from urea + 100% N from cow manure). However, combined treatments of cow manure and inorganic N fertilizer such as 80% N from urea + 20% N from cow manure, 60% N from urea + 40% N from cow manure 40% N from urea + 60% N from cow manure showed a parity statistically with the treatment receiving 100% N from urea only in maintaining the values for all these variables. Overall, the combined use of inorganic N fertilizer (urea) and cow manure as an equivalence promoted growth and yield of black rice by improving N uptake. Keywords: integrated nutrient management, soil chemical property, Nitrogen uptake, combined fertilizer application, black rice
Every life needs a very important role especially the role in education. Improving the quality of education can be pursued by the use of appropriate learning models so as to improve students' reasoning abilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the influence of Novick's learning model and the learning model that is centered on educators on students' mathematical reasoning abilities, Knowing the interaction between learning models and SAVI learning styles (Somatic, Auditory, Visualization, Intelectually) on mathematical reasoning abilities learners. This research uses the Quasy Experiment Design method. The results obtained from this study are that learning by using Novick's learning model is more effective against mathematical reasoning for students, there is no interaction between Novick's learning model and SAVI learning style on mathematical reasoning abilities.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.