Although studies have shown that ginger, as an herbal remedy and zinc are able to improve inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and metabolism of lipid and glucose, their molecular mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, this study was aimed to examine the therapeutic effects of ginger with zinc supplement for eight weeks on fructose-induced metabolic syndrome (MS). Ninety-six adult male Sprague Dawley rats (220 g ± 20) were randomly assigned to twelve controlled and treated groups. After the last treatment session, the level of lipid profiles, glucose, insulin, and leptin as metabolic factors and liver enzymes as biomarkers to evaluate liver function in serum were measured. The level of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation to evaluate the oxidative status and the TNF-α level as a biomarker to assess the state of inflammation in liver were also measured. The level of zinc along with the expression of NF-κB, mTORC1, PPAR-α, SREBP-1c, and Nrf2 in liver was also evaluated. The level of metabolic factors and liver enzymes in serum along with lipid peroxidation and TNF-α in liver increased; zinc and antioxidant enzymes levels decreased in rats with MS compared to control rats (p < .05). The hepatic expression of SREBP-1c, NF-κB and mTORC1 were upregulated and the expression of PPAR-α and Nrf2 were downregulated in rats with MS compared to control rats (p < .05). Treatment with different doses of ginger, zinc, and the combination of them could improve metabolic, inflammatory oxidative stress factors, and expression of the above genes in rats with MS compared to the MS group (p < .05). It can be concluded that ginger, zinc, and the combination of them could improve oxidative damage, inflammation, and autophagy induced by fructose and could adjust the glucose and lipid metabolism and the homeostasis of zinc in rats with MS. Practical applications Due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases, the use of plant compounds such as ginger has attracted widespread attention. Ginger as an herbal remedy with predominant pharmacological properties due to its availability, cheapness, and lack of side effects is also very popular for the treatment of metabolic disorders in folk How to cite this article:
Background: Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) can improve radiotherapy (RT) results by improving healthy tissue sparing. Additionally, IMRT provides more consistent dose deliveries and suppresses secondary tumor formation. RT is a principal treatment in breast cancer (BC). Aim: To evaluate the outcome of the Radiotherapy Plans (RTP) that use IMRT technique to left breast and other organs, including left lung (Lt lung), right lung (Rt lung), heart, and spinal cord. Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients with left-sided breast carcinoma were treated using IMRT. Results: The Homogeneity Index (HI) and Conformity Index (CI) showed significant improvement over IMRT-involved plans. All IMRT plans significantly improved CI for 12 patients, where CI <1. Planning target volume (PTV) was under coverage, except for patient No. 6, where CI>1. HI for 13 patients. Mean dose to heart, Lt lung, and Rt lung was (9.966±1.261), (14.388±0.854), and (4.083±0.661) of the prescribed dose, respectively. Cord Max, Dose was (Gy) (20.751±7.384), and Cord Received Max Dose was <45Gy. Mean heart dose was (9.966±1.261) (Gy), and the PTV mean dose was (41.169±0.437) (Gy). Mean dose to lungs for eight patients was <30Gy, except for five patients (No. 1, 2, 5, 12, and 13), which received >30Gy. Conclusion: The IMRT plans achieved a significant reduction in heart volume and ipsilateral lung exposed to high-dose (≥40.05 Gy). Multi-beam inverse planned IMRT technique might benefit patients with heart diseases, and who are exposed to doses <20 Gy, irrespective of the selected plan. Relative volume of ipsilateral lung or heart receiving high-dose (40.05 Gy) was significantly reduced.
Background: In conventional X-ray examinations, patients are exposed to radiation. Biological hazards from radiation of any source is expressed as effective dose, and is measured in millisieverts (mSv). The purpose of this study was to assess and calculate the effective dose values for patients undergoing posteroanterior (PA) chest, abdomen, anteroposterior (AP) pelvis, and cervical spine X-ray examinations in general hospitals of Erbil city and compare it with those of other studies. Materials and Methods: A total of 255 patients between 20-70 years of age participated in this work (85 per hospital). The patients’ characteristics included age, sex, examination type, projection posture, and exposure parameters captured by NOMEX Multimeter including tube potential and current-time product. The mean effective doses (EDs) of four different examinations (chest (PA), pelvis (AP), abdomen, and cervical spine) were measured using the Monte Carlo method and compared with those of other studies. Results: The mean EDs were calculated 1.04, 2.01, 3.12, and 3.22 mSv for chest (PA), pelvis (AP), abdomen, and cervical spine, respectively. All ED values in this study were higher than those of published studies. The aim of the study was to increase the awareness of the radiographer and patients undergoing conventional X-ray diagnostic radiology on the risk of ionizing radiation for radiological protection in Erbil hospitals. Conclusion: The mean EDs were increased by an increase in the age; this may increase the probability of cancer incidence and heritable diseases. Hence, dose optimization is required due to more probable incidence of cancer when compared to other studies.
Using of 3DCRT for the treatment of left breast cancer by a single isocenter with half beam in the junction of tangential and supraclavicular fields is an important method. The purpose was to evaluate the outcome of Radiation Treatment Plans (RTP) that includes planning target volume (PTV) dose, conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), organs at risk (OAR), and compared with tolerance doses of left-sided whole breast irradiation by half beam technique. Thirteen patients with left breast cancer who had received radiotherapy by using 6, 10, and 18 MV photons. The clinical target volume [CTV] was contoured as a target volume, and left lung, right lung, heart, and spinal cord tissues as OAR planning technique was analyzed at Zhianawa cancer center (ZCC), Sulaimany-KR-Iraq. There was No risk for 12 patients CI (<1), accept patient No. (6) CI>1. the PTV was under coverage (4060±32.116 cGy), was close to 4005 Gy volume. The left lung, and right lung mean dose was (33.923, 1018.231cGy < tolerance mean Dose (4000 cGy), and for Lt lung Dose V20 < 30 cGy. Heart Dose V35 (2.354) <20Gy, and Heart mean Dose (cGy)Dose was (358.308 cGy) < tolerance mean Dose (2600 cGy). Cord Max dose was (682.692cGy) < 2000. the Dose mean value of esophagus was (29,077)cGy was <3400 (Esophagus Tolerance mean dose (cGy). The application of left breast cancer provides significant advantages especially in PTV and OAR dosages.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.