The present investigations aim to decipher the beneficial role of hydrogen peroxide-supplemented irrigation in imparting drought tolerance and promotion plant growth and yield of potato plants grown under two different irrigation regimes. Hydrogen peroxide injection (oxygenation) was applied at 0, 300, and 600 ppm through subsurface irrigation regimes on potato performance grown in heavy clay soil. The results indicated that oxygenation of irrigation water boosted the plant′s vegetative growth and productivity, especially at 600 ppm hydrogen peroxide coupled with deficit irrigation. Root respiration, leaf biomass, chlorophyll content, and leaf osmotic status was observed to be improved in the presence of oxygenated irrigation. A similar trend was recorded on macro-elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium content), proline, and soluble carbohydrates content of leaf along with catalase enzyme activity. Individual tuber weight, tuber number and tuber yield per plant and hectare recorded higher values as responding to oxygenated irrigation (300 and 600 ppm) of water within the optimum irrigation level. While the highest value of water use efficiency (WUE) was obtained by pairing deficit irrigation with 600 ppm oxygenated water. Thus, the present work provides new insights into the importance of oxygenated irrigation in obtaining optimum yield and field performance in potato plants subjected to deficit irrigation in clayey-loamy soils.

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Agronomic approaches for increasing food crop yield and quality are crucial for boosting food security due to the depletion of terrestrial resources and the rising worldwide demand for food. As a consequence, the current study looks at ways to improve several essential components of existing onion production technique in Egypt by using two types of potassium fertilizer, KCl and K2SO4, either alone or in combination, as well as two different planting methods, seeding and seedling transplantation. The research focused on the performance of onion cv. Giza 9 through vegetative growth, bulbification (bulbing ratio), dry bulb yield and bulb quality during the successive winter seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. The obtained results demonstrated that direct seeding of onion produced higher plant growth, bulb yield, and quality than seedling transplantation. Compared to potassium combinations involving chloride, potassium fertilization of onion in the form of K2SO4 produced the best plant growth, bulb production, and their quality. As chloride levels in fertilizer compounds rise, onion plant growth and yield potential decline. On the other hand, chloride had a less negative impact when onion was grown from seeds rather than seedlings. Also, direct seed sowing and fertilization interactions with either pure K2SO4 or a mixture of 75% K2SO4 and 25% KCl resulted in the highest dry bulb yield measurements. Interestingly, supplying the onion plants with KCl fertilizer up to 25% of their potassium requirements without causing a significant decline in plant growth or bulb yield when planting onions by direct seeds but not to seedlings.

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Grafting cantaloupe plants onto cucurbita rootstocks make it utilize by these rootstocks features i.e. higher absorption mass of water and nutrient, higher surface area and abiotic stress tolerance. The cantaloupe Cucumis melo var cantaloupensis Cv. Marella was grafted onto three rootstocks were Shintosa, Star and Cobalt. The plants were grown hydroponically in sand culture under three saline concentrations of 0, 100 and 150 mM NaCl for 30 days to investigate the effects of salinity on grafted Cantaloupe plants compared with non-grafted ones. The results proved that The results proved that grafted Cantaloupe plants had a better performance than the non-grafted ones especially grafted onto Star rootstock. Grafted plants recorded highest growth vigor as indicted by shoot and root fresh and dry biomass, shoot length, number of leaves and stem diameter compare to nongrafted plants under saline and control conditions. Mineral uptake was significantly affected by rootstocks and salinity levels. Accumulation of sodium (Na +) was reduced in grafted plants compared with non-grafted ones. Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K +) and Magnesium (Mg ++) uptake by shoots of both grafted and non-grafted Cantaloupe gradually decreased with increasing NaCl salt concentration. The concentration of K + , N and Mg ++ were higher in grafted plant leaves than non-grafted ones. Ratios of K + /Na + , N/Na + and Mg ++ /Na + were affected by salt treatments and positively associated with plant growth traits. These ratios recorded higher values in grafted plants compared non-grafted ones under both saline and control conditions. It could recommended to grafting Cantaloupe to increase its tolerance to saline conditions.