[1] We present a computationally efficient algorithm which combines the finite element method with Padé approximation. The combination is used to solve the problem of transverse magnetic and transverse electric scattering from homogeneous lossy dielectric cylinders over a continuous range of the complex permittivity variable by requiring the finite element solution only at a single complex permittivity value. The proposed method is based on (1) assuming a power series expansion for the unknown solution vector, the excitation vector, and the system matrix, (2) substituting this into the system matrix equation, and (3) finding the recursion relation for the solution vectors.
ABSTRACT:In many circumstances, it is difficult for humans to reach some areas, due to its topography, personal safety, or security regulations in the country. Governments and persons need to calculate those areas and classify the green parts for reclamation to benefit from it.To solve this problem, this research proposes to use a phantom air plane to capture a digital image for the targeted area, then use a segmentation algorithm to separate the green space and calculate it's area. It was necessary to deal with two problems. The first is the variable elevation at which an image was taken, which leads to a change in the physical area of each pixel. To overcome this problem a fourth degree polynomial was fit to some experimental data. The second problem was the existence of different unconnected pieces of green areas in a single image, but we might be interested only in one of them. To solve this problem, the probability of classifying the targeted area as green was increased, while the probability of other untargeted sections was decreased by the inclusion of parts of it as non-green. A practical law was also devised to measure the target area in the digital image for comparison purposes with practical measurements and the polynomial fit.
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