Background: Doppler flow velocity waveform analysis of fetal vessels is one of the main methods for evaluating fetus health before labor. Doppler waves of middle cerebral artery (MCA) can predict most of the at risk fetuses in high risk pregnancies. In this study, we tried to obtain normal values and their nomograms during pregnancy for Doppler flow velocity indices of MCA in 20 -40 weeks of normal pregnancies in Iranian population and compare their pattern with other countries' nomograms.
Parapelvic cysts are uncommon conditions that are usually found during autopsy. Their ultrasonographic appearance is similar to hydronephrosis. We report the case of a 46-year-old female with a 4-year history of vague flank pain and a previous history of bilateral moderate hydronephrosis. The patient was investigated by ultrasonography and non-enhanced CT scan, and finally diagnosed as bilateral parapelvic cysts by a contrast-enhanced CT scan. For any patient with hydronephrosis detected by sonography, the possibility of parapelvic cysts should be kept in mind, especially if no underlying cause is detected and other routine imaging is inconsistent with hydronephrosis. In such circumstances a CT scan with contrast enhancement should not be refused, and relying on sonographic signs, previously mentioned in literatures, can be misleading.
Problem statement:There have been considerable interests on using non-invasive techniques to detect endometriosis. A few studies were evaluated the Doppler ultrasound findings of endometriosis. This study aimed to characterize the grayscale and Doppler ultrasound findings of endometriosis. Approach: During present prospective study, gray scale and Doppler ultrasound findings of 37 women with final diagnosis of endometriosis were evaluated. Patients with probable diagnosis of endometriosis underwent conventional transvaginal and color Doppler assessment. After laparascopic confirmation of endometriosis, gray scale and color Doppler ultrasonographic data of patients considered for analysis. Results: Finally data of 37 subjects' data with suspected endometriosis was analyzed. Twenty nine of lesions were endometriosis, five hydrosalpinx, four paraovarian adhesion cysts and one peritoneal inclusion cyst according to laparoscopic exploration. Out of 29 endometriotic cysts, flow was detected in 58.62%. The mean of RI and PI were 0.67±0.15 (0.46-1.00) and 1.49±0.85 (0.66-3.11), respectively. Conclusion: In our experience, transvaginal sonography with color Doppler interrogation is a useful technique in the diagnosis of pathologic ovarian conditions, including cystic endometriosis.
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