Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt is a well-established modality in the management of hydrocephalus. However, it can be associated with numerous complications and disastrous consequences. 1-4 The reported incidence of intra-abdominal complications in infants and children following VP shunt procedures in the literature is about 24% 5,6 and most of these patients present with abdominal signs and/ or intracranial sepsis. 6 In this article we report such a case and review the relevant literature.Ventricular shunt is a well-established modality in the management of hydrocephalus. However, it can be associated with numerous complications and disastrous consequences. The reported incidence of intra-abdominal complications in infants and children after ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt procedures is about 24% and most of these patients present with abdominal signs and/or intracranial sepsis. In this article we report on a 2-year-old boy who presented with swelling in the right inguino-scrotal region. Imaging showed migration of the peritoneal catheter into the right scrotum.S Afr J CH 2012;6(3):93-94.
Magnets have generated great interest within dentistry. They have been used for various applications in orthodontics and prosthodontics. Earlier use of magnets was limited due to the unavailability of small size magnets, but after the introduction of rare earth magnets and their availability in smaller sizes, their use has increased considerably. The force they deliver can be directed, and they can exert their force through mucosa and bone as well as within the mouth. In orthodontics, they are used for intrusion of teeth, tooth movement along archwires, expansion, retention, in functional appliances and in the treatment of impacted teeth. There are various types of magnets used in the field of orthodontics with their advantages and disadvantages, along with their biological safety which has been discussed in this article. This article reviews various uses of magnets in the field of orthodontics. How to cite this article Sharma N, Shrivastav S, Kamble RH, Sharma P. The Use of Magnets in Orthodontics. World J Dent 2015;6(1):45-48.
Unlike amalgam, the difficulty of condensing composite presents us with the challenge, recreating a tight interproximal contact. May be more importantly, trimming composite that has been extruded beyond the preparation margin around an interproximal box is difficult, frustrating and unpredictable. So in a quest to minimize the amount of trimming we need to do with high-speed instrumentation after the composite is cured. Recreating the natural tooth shape and sealing the walls begins with the matrix. A matrix system must do the following three things: Recreate the natural tooth shape and interproximal contact Seal the proximal and gingival walls of the prep Overcome the thickness of the band. On the market today are both plastic and metal matrix bands. They are available in a variety of thicknesses and delivery systems that include sectional matrix bands, circumferential systems and bands that require a holder. Here, we present the NS matrix system which is a highly effective and economical matrix system that can be used for a variety of clinical applications, including posterior and anterior restorations. How to cite this article Sharma NS, Shrivastav SS, Hazarey PV, Kamble RH, Sharma PN. The NS Matrix System. World J Dent 2013;4(1):4-5.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between different types of growth patterns, the buccolingual molar inclination and cortical bone thickness of the mandible. Materials and methods: The material consisted of total 30 cases within the age range of 18 to 25 years. They all demonstrated normal occlusion with a minimal dental discrepancy without any cross bite or facial asymmetry. The selected subjects were differentiated clinically into horizontal growth pattern, normal growth pattern and vertical growth pattern based on the parameters like clinical FMA and antegonial notch. Results: The cortical bone thickness of the first permanent mandibular molar (M1) and second permanent mandibular molar (M2) sections was thicker in short-faced subjects than in average and long-faced subjects. The buccolingual inclination of the first permanent mandibular molar (M1) and second permanent mandibular molar (M2) sections in the short-faced subjects was significantly smaller than the same dimension in the average and long-faced subjects. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that a significant, but complex relationship exists between structures of the mandibular body and types of growth pattern. The morphological features that relate to masticatory function and types of growth pattern are associated with the cortical bone thickness of the mandibular body and the buccolingual inclination of the first and second permanent mandibular molars.
Peroral extrusion of the distal end of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt tube is the potentially hazardous end result of a bowel perforation with only few case reports in the literature. The distal end of the peritoneal catheter got fractured in a 4-year-old child and it protruded out through the mouth. The cranial incision was opened and the shunt divided below the chamber. The ventricular end and the chamber and distal end were removed through this incision. In the present successfully managed case we review the current strategies in the management of such a rare complication and discuss the possible pathogenesis of this entity.
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