The chiroptical properties of an anionic meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) complexed with cationic surfactants were enhanced by interaction with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in acidic solution. Improvement in chiroptical properties was revealed by circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), with |gabs| and |glum| values reaching 0.05 and 0.001 at 303 K, respectively.
When a uniaxially drawn polyethylene film was coated by evaporation of carbon in a vacuum,
the deposited carbon layer fixed the texture and molecular orientation. Polyethylene single crystals were
fixed at the fold surface on a carbon pedestal by carbon deposition. Since molecular chains of these samples
were anchored on the carbon pedestal, their translational displacement on the pedestal, and longitudinal
sliding along their axis, were largely restricted even when their thermal motions were activated at high
temperatures. Consequently, the original molecular direction and the stacked lamellar morphology in
drawn film, and the lozenge shape of polyethylene single crystals, were retained in the molten state. On
crystallizing from melt, the stacked lamellar structure was reconstructed in the drawn film as double
orientation was performed, and the c axis was parallel to the drawing direction, as the b axis was aligned
preferentially parallel to the film surface. In single crystals, constrained chains crystallized in such a
way that the b axis was kept in the lamellar plane, and their chain axis was tilted toward the long axis
of the lozenge (the a axis) from the lamellar normal with an angle of 30°−54°.
We found that the α-boryl radical of potassium alkyltrifluoroborate shows higher reactivity compared to the α-boryl radicals of alkylboronic acid pinacol ester and alkyl N-methyl imidodiacetic acid (MIDA) boronate in the halogen atom abstraction step of atom-transfer radical addition (ATRA) between alkyl bromide and vinylborons. In this research, an ATRA of alkyl halides with potassium vinyltrifluoroborate furnished unique alkylborons, which are difficult to synthesize by other methods.
The self-aggregation behavior of C60 fullerenes that bear two octadecyl chains (lipid 1) as well as the structures and electrochemical properties of cast films of 1 are described. We also examined the self-aggregation behavior in organic solvents of three previously reported compounds: C60 with three each of hexadecyl (lipid 2), tetradecyl (lipid 3), or dodecyl (lipid 4) chains. The fullerene lipids in alcohols spontaneously formed spherical aggregates, whose diameters are related to the alkyl-chain lengths, concentrations of the fullerene lipids, and the solvent polarity. The morphologies of the aggregates showed temperature dependence. Cast films of 1 formed multimolecular bilayer structures that undergo a phase transition typical of lipid bilayer membranes. The electrochemistry of cast films of 1 on an electrode in aqueous medium exhibits temperature dependence.
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