Although thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are localized in the nucleus, only a few dozen have been functionally characterized. Here we show that nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1), an essential lncRNA for the formation of nuclear body paraspeckles, is induced by influenza virus and herpes simplex virus infection as well as by Toll-like receptor3-p38 pathway-triggered poly I:C stimulation, resulting in excess formation of paraspeckles. We found that NEAT1 facilitates the expression of antiviral genes including cytokines such as interleukin-8 (IL8). We found that splicing factor proline/glutamine-rich (SFPQ), a NEAT1-binding paraspeckle protein, is a repressor of IL8 transcription, and that NEAT1 induction relocates SFPQ from the IL8 promoter to the paraspeckles, leading to transcriptional activation of IL8. Together, our data show that NEAT1 plays an important role in the innate immune response through the transcriptional regulation of antiviral genes by the stimulus-responsive cooperative action of NEAT1 and SFPQ.
In the above article, there were errors in the Supplemental Experimental Procedures and Table S4. First, in the Supplemental Experimental Procedures, the accession numbers for DNA Microarray (GSE56936) and DNA deep sequencing (DRA002233, DDBJ Sequence Read Archive) were omitted. Second, in Table S4, a few errors were made in the sequences of oligo DNAs for the ChIP-IL8 gene. Both of these changes have been now been updated online. The authors apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused.
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