The Japanese version of PASE was shown to have acceptable validity and reliability. The PASE is useful to measure the physical activity of elderly people in Japan.

No abstract

This was a retrospective cohort study, which aimed to investigate the factors associated with hesitancy to receive a third dose of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. A paper-based questionnaire survey was administered to all participants. This study included participants who provided answers in the questionnaire about whether they had an intent to receive a third dose of a vaccine. Data on sex, age, area of residence, adverse reactions after the second vaccination, whether the third vaccination was desired, and reasons to accept or hesitate over the booster vaccination were retrieved. Among the 2439 participants, with a mean (±SD) age of 52.6 ± 18.9 years, and a median IgG-S antibody titer of 324.9 (AU/mL), 97.9% of participants indicated their intent to accept a third vaccination dose. The logistic regression revealed that participants of a younger age (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96–1.00) and with a higher antibody level (OR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.27–4.99) were positively associated with hesitancy over the third vaccine. The efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine and concerns about adverse reactions had a significant impact on behavior regarding the third vaccination. A rapid increase in the booster dose rate is needed to control the pandemic, and specific approaches should be taken with these groups that are likely to hesitate over the third vaccine, subsequently increasing booster contact rate.

The Japanese version of the EHFScBS was showed acceptable validity and reliability. It can be used to evaluate self-care behavior of Japanese patients with heart failure.

The present study examined the contribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) to acute peripheral inflammatory pain in rats. We used formalin test in this study. After formalin injection into the rat hind paw, biphasic pain-related behavior (phases 1 and 2) was observed. A microdialysis study revealed that 5-HT was released into the formalin injection site in a formalin concentration-dependent manner (1.25-5%), and its peak time was 18min after the injection. Previous studies suggest that peripheral 5-HT2 receptors are involved in inflammatory pain. Therefore, we next examined whether 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors are involved, and from where 5-HT is released in the formalin test. Local pretreatment with a selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, ketanserin, and selective 5-HT2C receptor antagonists, RS102221 and SB242084, inhibited the number of flinches in early part of phase 2 (phase 2A) of the formalin test in a dose-dependent manner. Peripheral pretreatment with sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn), a mast cell membrane stabilizer, completely suppressed 5-HT release and inhibited phase 2 responses of the formalin test. These drugs inhibited c-fos expression in the superficial layer of the spinal dorsal horn of segments L4-5 at 2h after formalin injection. These results indicate that 5-HT released into peripheral tissue and its receptors, 5-HT2A as well as 5-HT2C, at the periphery have an important role in pain-related behaviors during acute peripheral inflammation.