Isomerization reactions of glycine were studied computationally. Three water molecules were found to cause the reaction of glycine with the anti carboxyl group. For the glycine with the syn carboxyl group, three and one molecules are concerned with the reaction; one acts as a catalyst to prevent the local proton transfer. A reaction model composed of glycine and eleven water molecules was examined. An "out-of-plane" path was found to be a favorable stepwise channel with two small activation energies. In the path, an ion-pair intermediate was obtained. From the intermediate, a proton may be relayed outward from the hydrogen-bond network. The possibility of this proton dispersal was discussed in relation to experimental evidence of isoelectric points of zwitterions.
Back to the elements: The activity of Pt/K0.95Ta0.92Zr0.08O3 for the photocatalytic splitting of water into H2 and O2 is greatly improved by dye sensitization (see picture). Among the organic dyes examined, the highest photocatalytic activity is obtained with cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) as a sensitizer.
Both the VDRAs abrogated the acceleration of the osteogenic process induced by phosphate and TNF-α in VSMCs, which was linked to inhibition of mineralization in VSMCs. MMP-2 blockade by VDRAs may contribute to an inhibitory effect on vascular calcification.
In die Elemente zerlegt: Die Aktivität von Pt/K0.95Ta0.92Zr0.08O3 bei der photokatalytischen Wasserspaltung in H2 und O2 wird durch Farbstoffsensibilisatoren stark erhöht (siehe Bild). Unter den getesteten organischen Farbstoffen zeichnete sich Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12) durch die höchste photokatalytische Aktivität aus.
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