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Objectives To clarify the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in Japanese women aged 18-40 years with low forearm BMD. Methods The subjects were Japanese199 women who had been selected for inclusion in the study based on a low forearm BMD determined at the Annual Women's Health Examination. The subjects' mean (± standard deviation) age, body height, body weight, and body mass index (BMI) were 33.5 (±4.3) years, 158.1 (±5.1) cm, 49.6 (±5.7) kg, and 19.8 (±2.1), respectively. The BMD of the lumbar spine, total body, and left arm were measured using dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Fat mass (FM), bonefree lean tissue mass (LTM), and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured simultaneously with DXA. Results In the structural equation model, the standardized regression weights for the path from BMI to BMD of all sites were 0.273-0.434. Conversely, the BF% to BMD of the total body and left arm were -0.192 and -0.296, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, the FM index (FMI) was significantly associated with the BMD of the lumbar spine as a weight-bearing site. The LTM index (LTMI) was significantly associated with the BMD of the total body and left arm as a non-weight-bearing site. Conclusions Young females with low forearm BMD had low body weight and BMI. Thinness was shown to be a risk factor for low BMD, in accordance with results reported elsewhere. A gain in body weight may have the effect of increasing BMD, but our results suggest that to increase BMD, the gain in body weight must include increases in LTM, and not FM alone.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between forearm bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI), and body composition focusing on body fat percentage (BF%) in Japanese females 18 to 40 years old.Methods: Subjects were 2,280 females 18-40 years old. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and a medical history was obtained by questionnaire, including age at the time of the study and age at menarche. BF% was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Forearm BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The correlations of BMD with BMI and BF% were analyzed using a structural equation model.Results: The standardized regression coefficients for the path from BMI to BMD and the path from BF% to BMD were 0.538 and −0.184 respectively. The squared multiple correlation of BMD was 0.146. In addition, the standardized regression coefficient for the path from BMI to BF% was 0.896.Conclusion: The results showed a positive correlation between BMD and BMI and an inverse correlation between BMD and BF%. At the same time, it was noted that BF% increased with BMI. This indicated that BMD is dependant on BF% in subjects who have a similar BMI. Therefore, this study concluded that it is necessary to take body composition measurements into account when examining the relationship between BMI and BMD, especially in young females.

soft tissue around hip joint have an important relation to the stability of THA, its repair to prevent dislocation is recommended not only after revision THA (19-22) as well as after primary THA (23-28). Patients with joint laxity or soft tissue defects are particularly prone to failure to recover despite treatment for dislocated THA (19, 23). We have been carrying out soft tissue reinforcement with the Leeds-Keio (LK) artificial ligament to treat intractable dislocation after THA in cases in which soft tissue defects have contributed to postoperative dislocation. Here we describe this procedure and its therapeutic outcomes. Materials and methods Patients Between January 2006 and June 2015, primary THA and revision THA were carried out for 2,667 hips at our hospital and related hospitals by the 1 st author (S.A.). Although dislocation was occurred in 46 hips in 46 patients, 23 hips were treated conservatively, and the remaining 23 hips underwent revision surgery for dislocated THA. In the same period, 30 hips of 30 patients who underwent THA primarily in other

We conducted a survey on daily food habits including the frequency of cooking for university students in Kumamoto. There were three sign Ficaut results

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Children s development is affected by food habits, which are influenced by guardians dietar y awareness. We conducted a nutritional sur vey using a questionnaire about school meal system and guardians knowledge of children s food and health in public and private kindergartens in Kumamoto prefecture. We also surveyed