No abstract

This article aimed to identify the effect of university-industry collaborations on the innovative performance of firms operating in the advanced materials field, and it proposed an original classification of the research organization partners. The main contribution resides in the estimation of the role played by collaborations with differently experienced corporate researchers. In the advanced materials industry the most effective collaborations are driven by "core researchers," who have been involved in authoring scientific papers, in addition to applying sizeable patents. The results of the case study focusing on partner firms collaborating with "Pasteur scientists" such as Fujishima and Hashimoto of the University of Tokyo confirm the idea that "core researchers" have the quality to work as boundary spanners between science and technology, and their becoming heavy-weighted project leaders pushed the firms' R&D towards commercialization.

Using Stokes's (1997) "quadrant model of scientific research," this paper deals with how the entrepreneurial orientation of scientists affects their scientific performance by considering its impact on scientific production (number of publications), scientific prestige (number of forward citations), and breadth of research activities (interdisciplinarity). The results of a quantitative analysis applied to a sample of 1,957 scientific papers published by 66 scientists active in advanced materials research in Japan found that (i) entrepreneurial scientists publish more papers than traditional scientists do, (ii) the papers published by Bohr scientists (traditional scientists with a stronger intention to fundamentality) demonstrate better citation performance than those published by Pasteur scientists (entrepreneurial scientists with a stronger intention to fundamentality) do, on average; (iii) if the focus is confined to high-impact papers, their prestige (i.e., forward citation counts) is favored by the authorship of Pasteur scientists; and (iv) the portfolio interdisciplinarity of papers authored by Pasteur scientists is higher (more diverse) than that of Bohr scientists.2

No abstract

No abstract

OverviewThe male Morpho Butterflies have peculiar vivid cobalt blue wings caused by microscopic structures on its scales. Its color is due to structural specificity and not caused by its pigments. Those reflectional color effects are known as "structural colors".The methodology for representing structural colors has been extensively studied from the viewpoint of anisotropic reflection, but those studies are based on phenomenological modeling of reflectance functions and specific microstructures of the target surface are disregarded.In this paper, a physically sound structural model is proposed and a new rendering method is developed taking account of the effect of interference, diffraction, light scattering, and anisotropy and semi-periodicity of microstructure on its surface. ExpositionThe surface of the Morpho Rhetenor wing is occupied by the scales with complicated microstructure. The scale is composed of periodic vertical ridges, separated by 700-800nm. Each ridge has 8-10 shelf-like cuticle layers. The columnar arrangement of ridges ( Figure 1) results strong anisotropy in iridescence property in scales.From the structure as described above, iridescence property is treated in 2-ways. Firstly (Model A in Figure 1), the scale is treated as repeated tree-like structures. Secondly (Model B in Figure 1), the scale is treated as multilayer thin film.I developed a method combining these two structural models and calculated iridescence function from arbitrary direction. Figure 1: Combining two models to achieve anisotropy of scale Model A: the separate lamellae modelThe cross-section of the scale with a plane perpendicular to the green (Model B) vector is composed of periodical tree-like structures (as seen in left inset of Figure 1).

No abstract

d w i t h a h i g h e r g r a n u l a r i t y , a n d t h e t e c h n i q u e f o r e v a l u a t i n g t h e i n t e r d i s c i p l i n a r i t y o f a r e s e a r c h e r ' s a c a d em i c p o r t f o l i o . 3 B y a p p l y i n g N ewm a n a l g o r i t hm t o p a r t i t i o n t h o s e n e tw o r k s , d e t a i l e d r e s e a r c h a r e a i s d e f i n e d . U s i n g t h i s -3 7 1 - I u s e d b i b l i om e t r i c m e t h o d " c o -c i t a t i o n " t o e v a l u a t e p r o x im i t y o f c o n t e n t o f a c a d em i c w r i t i n g s , a n d c o n s t r u c t e d t h e n e tw o r k s t r u c t u r e u s i n g p a p e r a s t h e n o d e a n d s im i l a r i t y r e l a t i o n s h i p a s e d g e .情報知識学会誌 2 0 1 3 V o l . 2 3 , N o .