The mechanism of alignment destruction of FLCDs by a mechanical shock is discussed and a radical solution for the problem is suggested. It is cleared by computer simulation that the alignment destruction is caused by shear between both substrates when a panel is deformed. Against a general concept that stiffer panels can resist more shock,we found that very thin and light panels with a flexible substrate like a plastic film are free from such shock-problem. The reason why AFLCDs is mpre durable against shock than FLCDs is also discussed.
A simple hollow probe has been developed for monitoring ion-beam energy in various processing plasmas. The hollow probe consists of an insulated tube and a movable tungsten rod which is biased by a dc voltage. Two knees on the current-voltage characteristics of the hollow probe are detected when the ion beam injects in the hollow probe in a low-pressure double-plasma device. Its mechanism is also discussed by the Langmuir probe theory. It is found that the potential difference between the hollow-probe voltages corresponding to the two knees is in good agreement with the ion-beam energy measured by the conventional ion retarding energy analyzer. The spread angle of the ion beam in the double-plasma device is discussed with the hollow probe and the directional ion energy analyzer.
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