Chronic corneal irritation was suspected as the primary etiology for the corneal SCC. Appropriate surgical removal of the mass and subsequent conservative treatment for keratitis provided effective therapy in these two cases.
The present study represents the first four-digit allele genotyping of HLA-A and -B in Japanese Behcet's disease (BD) patients and controls using a new genotyping method (named the PCR-SSOP-Luminex method) to determine the association of certain HLA-A or -B alleles with BD. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were collected from 180 Japanese BD patients and 170 healthy controls. The genotype frequency of HLA-B*5101 was significantly increased in the patients (61.7%) as compared with the controls (15.9%) (Pc = 1 x 10(-16), OR = 8.5). When we recalculated the phenotype frequencies after excluding the HLA-B*51-positive patients and controls to account for the effects of the linkage disequilibrium and the abundance of the HLA-B*51 allele, the frequencies of HLA-A*2602 and HLA-B*3901 had a weak association in the patient group without HLA-B*51 as compared with the control group without HLA-B*51 (A*2602; Pc = 0.130, OR = 4.3, B*3901; Pc = 0.099, OR = 3.5). This study confirmed on the basis of using a new and more accurate genotyping method that Japanese BD patients have a strong primary association with HLA-B*5101. The significant increase of HLA-A*2602 and B*3901 in the patient group without HLA-B*51 suggests that these two alleles might also have some secondary influence on the onset of BD.
There is a severe shortage of donor cornea for transplantation in many countries. Collagenous connective tissue membranes, named BIOSHEETs, grown in vivo were successfully implanted in rabbit corneal stroma for in vivo evaluation of their suitability as a corneal stromal substitute to solve this global donor shortage. BIOSHEETs were prepared by embedding silicone moulds into dorsal subcutaneous pouches in rabbits for 1 month and stored in glycerol. After re-swelling in saline and trephining, disk-shaped BIOSHEETs (4 mm diameter) were allogeneically implanted into stromal pockets prepared in the right cornea of seven rabbits. Clinical tests for corneal thickness and transparency, and tissue analyses were performed. Because the BIOSHEETs (thickness, 131 ± 14 µm) obtained were opaque immediately after implantation, the transparency of the cornea decreased. The total thickness of the BIOSHEET-implanted cornea increased from 364 ± 21.0 µm to 726 ± 131 µm. After 4 weeks' implantation, the thickness of the cornea stabilized (493 ± 80 µm at 4 weeks and 447 ± 46 µm at 8 weeks). The transparency of the cornea increased progressively with time of implantation. The random orientation of collagen fibrils in the original BIOSHEETs tended to be homogeneous, similar to that of the native stroma. No inflammatory cells accumulated and fibroblast-like cells infiltrated the implant. The BIOSHEETs showed high biocompatibility with stromal tissues; however, further studies are needed to test its functional aspects. Although this research is only intended as a proof of concept, BIOSHEETs may be considered a feasible corneal stromal replacement, especially for treating visual impairment caused by stromal haze. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ABSTRACT. The effects of a timolol maleate gel-forming solution (TMGS) on intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure (BP), and pupil size (PS) were evaluated in normotensive dogs. TMGS was administered once daily to six normotensive beagle dogs. TMGS administration reduced IOP and PS. The hypotensive effect persisted for 24 hr after the administration. The mean reduction in IOP was 5.3 mm Hg (P<0.01). The changes in BP and PS were not significant. These results suggest that TMGS can potentially be used in the treatments of glaucoma and ocular hypertension in dogs. KEY WORDS: canine, gellan gum, timolol.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 68(6): 631-633, 2006 Glaucoma is a painful disease and is characterized by retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve damage that is usually associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), and progressive loss of vision that could result in blindness. Glaucoma therapy aims to lower IOP in order to preserve ocular function and reduce pain [1].Timolol maleate (TM) is a nonselective beta-adrenergic that substantially reduces the volume of aqueous humor and thereby reduces IOP [1,3,20]. TM ophthalmic solution is widely used to treat glaucoma in humans and dogs. However, TM has the potential to cause systemic side effects [4, 6, 8-10, 15-17, 19, 20]. The TM gel-forming solution (TMGS) is delivered in a gellan gum solution and can be administered to the eye as a drop; this drop forms a viscous solution on contact with the ocular surface. TMGS holds TM for a longer period of time than the TM aqueous solution; consequently, TMGS is administered once daily [2,10,[12][13][14]. In this study, we evaluated the effects of TMGS on IOP, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), and pupil size (PS) in normotensive beagle dogs.All animals were treated in accordance with the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research. Six clinically normal beagle dogs (two males and four females) were used in this study. Their body weights ranged from 9.7 to 13.0 kg (median weight: 12.2 kg), and their ages ranged from 4 to 11 years (median age: 8.0 years). Dogs were defined as normotensive after a complete physical and ophthalmic examination, including tonometry, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy; these examinations did not reveal any abnormalities. A 0.5% TMGS (Timoptol XE 0.5%, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo) was used in this study. TMGS was administered in one eye (treated eye) of each dog. Once-a-day administration (9:00 AM) was continued for 7 days. The contralateral eyes (nontreated eyes) were not treated. IOP was measured using an applanation tonometer (Tono-Pen XL, Medtronic, FL, U.S.A.); BP, an oscillometric hematomanometer (BP100D, Fukuda M-E Kogyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan); and PS, a pupillometer (Mita's pupillometer, Inami, Tokyo, Japan). IOP, BP, and PS were measured before administration of TMGS; 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, and 24 hr after administration on the first day; and at 7:00 PM everyday from the second day until the en...
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