Background: In practice, the optimal dose of alfentanil that should be used when painless bronchoscopy is performed is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effective dose of alfentanil in suppressing bronchoscopy responses to painless bronchoscopy with an i-gel supraglottic airway device.Methods: Patients aged 18-70 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, who planned to undergo painless bronchoscopy were recruited for this study. Alfentanil was administered intravenously 2 minutes before propofol administration. The response to bronchoscopy was measured, including oxygen saturation (SPO 2 ) and changes in respiratory rhythm. The median effective dose of alfentanil (ED 50 ) required to alleviate responses to the bronchoscopy was calculated using Dixon's up-anddown method in the female and male groups. Probit analysis was used to generate a dose-response curve in each group.Results: A total of 48 patients were recruited for the study including 25 females and 23 males. The ED 50 of alfentanil for suppressing responses to painless bronchoscopy in females and males was 13.68±4.75 and 17.96±3.45 μg/kg, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant between the two groups (P=0.078). Probit analysis showed the ED 50 of alfentanil in female bronchoscopy was 12.4 μg/kg [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.5 to 17 μg/kg]. In men, the ED 50 of alfentanil was 16.4 μg/kg (95% CI: 12.1 to 20.1 μg/kg). According to the probit analysis, the 95% effective dose (ED 95 ) of alfentanil was 22.4 μg/kg (95% CI: 17.5 to 67.3 μg/kg) in female bronchoscopy. In men, the ED 95 of alfentanil was 23.3 μg/kg (95% CI: 19.8 to 46.2 μg/kg).Conclusions: Our data suggest that there were no obvious differences between men and women in the effective dose of alfentanil in painless bronchoscopy.
With the development of Computer in recent years, computer-Aided Diagnosis becomes a new technology applied in image processing techniques. For analyzing lung CT image as the research obj ect, pulmonary nodules of computer automatic detection as the goal, the main region are in the segmentation of lung parenchyma, perceptual ROI extraction, feature extraction. The article presents two ways of image preprocessing and adaptive threshold binarization, after
Background: In the clinic, dezocine has been used to inhibit sufentanil-induced cough (SIC). The aim of the study is to explore the effect of dezocine on the analgesic effect of sufentanil during anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation.Methods: ASA I-II, adult patients undergoing general anesthesia and endotracheal intubation were enrolled. The intubation reaction including blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Dixon’s up‑and‑down method was used to calculate the median effective dose (ED50) of sufentanil required to blunt the intubation reaction for women and men separately. A dose‑response curve was generated by the probit analysis in each groups. Results: In females, the ED50 of sufentanil for blunting the intubation reaction in the nondezocine and dezocine groups was 0.23±0.03μg/kg and 0.26±0.05μg/kg, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0.05); In males, the ED50 of sufentanil for blunting the intubation reaction in the nondezocine and dezocine groups was 0.35±0.03μg/kg and 0.43±0.04μg/kg, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05); The probit analysis revealed that the ED50 of sufentanil in the female&nondezocine and female&dezocine groups was 0.219μg/kg (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.183–0.248μg/kg) and 0.241μg/kg (95% CI, 0.192–0.282μg/kg), respectively; In males, the ED50 of sufentanil in the nondezocine and dezocine groups was 0.339μg/kg(95%CI, 0.291–0.374μg/kg) group and 0.409μg/kg(95%CI, 0.357–0.472μg/kg), respectively. Conclusions: Our data suggest that dezocine could antagonize sufentanil analgesic during anesthesia induction and endotracheal intubation in males but not in females.Clinical trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry; Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000039261; URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=62951&htm=4.
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