The effectiveness of multicultural training among a sample of predominately Hispanic counseling students was examined. The results of a series of 2-factor repeated measures analysis of variance and follow-up paired-samples t tests suggest that multicultural training was effective in increasing students' multicultural competencies and in improving their cognitive racial attitudes. Students' affective racial attitudes were not changed. Students' perceptions of their multicultural training suggest that students from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds may experience multicultural training differently and unique life experiences may help explain this difference. Counselor educators may wish to use a variety of training experiences to provide multicultural training that is effective across diverse student populations.
Literature on early childhood leadership urges promotion of leadership abilities prior to the school years, offers methods for early identification of leadership potential, and suggests training techniques. Yet critical analysis of the literature on leadership cautions that such efforts may be premature. This article evaluates the concept of preschool leadership and points to several topics requiring consideration. These include consensus on definitions of preschool leadership, validation of identification and training methods, and examination of models for reflective as well as action leadership.
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