Losing loved ones through death is a common experience for children. Children living in urban centers may be at greater risk for death of family members as a result of increased daily stress and poverty. Children who experience permanent loss of family members without support to grieve are at greater risk for mental health problems. Manifestations of grief that frequently occur in children are psychosomatic complaints and affective distress. This study investigates the prevalence of loss by death among two groups of inner city youths, and the impact of a bereavement group experience on subjects' affective distress and somatic complaints. A significant difference was found between pretest and post‐test scores on somatic complaints for the elementary school aged group.
This article addresses the mental health needs of children in the school system. Children are often exposed to situations in their lives that affect their ability to master developmental and academic tasks resulting in school difficulties. The school system has the opportunity to provide primary prevention and early intervention that will promote the mental health of children. The role of the child psychiatric mental health nurse in the school is described as one model for promoting the mental health of children.ARRY, an 1 1 -year-old sixth grader, slouches in his seat. As the teacher begins to discuss an assignment
This study explored the mutual perceptions of a convenience sample of 22 pairs of severely disabled adults and their personal care attendants regarding their definitions of the relationship and causal explanations for the relationship outcome (either success or failure). A semistructured interview and Delphi instrument were used to collect data. Attribution theory was used to shape the study design. The most frequently cited causal explanations for a successful outcome were mutual effort, skill, and commitment of the personal care attendant and disabled employer. The majority of subjects defined their relationship as productive and friendly. The data support previous findings and provide direction for programs to prepare disabled people and personal care attendants for their respective roles.
A reliable instrument based on the Expectancy-Value Model of Attitude was developed using responses of 30 parents to assess parental attitudes toward the intensive care unit admission of children. The instrument was then administered to 50 parents whose children were in the intensive care unit to examine relationships between parents' previous experiences/knowledge and their attitudes/expectations about their child's critical illness outcome. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis demonstrated that parents' attitudes toward the event of their child's admission and parents' expectations for their child's illness outcome were influenced by previous knowledge of similar situations, previous exposure to intensive care units, and previous knowledge of similar illnesses. Knowledge of factors associated with the development of parental attitude is essential to the development of models that can be tested for predictive validity. Such models may eventually assist in identifying parents who are at risk and in need of intervention. Further studies to assess the reliability and validity of the instrument in other populations is warranted.
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