Due to the increase in contamination of aquatic niches by different heavy metals, different technologies have been studied to eliminate these pollutants from contaminated aquatic sources. So the objective of this work was to determine the removal of cobalt (II) in aqueous solution by the biomass of the aquatic lily or water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) which, is one of the main weeds present in fresh water, due to its rapid reproduction, growth, and high competitiveness, by the colorimetric method of the methyl isobutyl ketone. The removal was evaluated at different pHs (4.0–8.0) for 28 h. The effect of temperature in the range from 20 °C to 50 °C and the removal at different initial concentrations of cobalt (II) of 100 to 500 mg/L was also studied. The highest bioadsorption (100 mg/L) was at 28 h, at pH 5.0 and 28 °C, with a removal capacity of 73.1%, which is like some reports in the literature. Regarding the temperature, the highest removal was at 50 °C, at 28 h, with a removal of 89%. At the metal and biomass concentrations analyzed, its removal was 82% with 400–500 mg/L, and 100% with 5 g of natural biomass at 20 h. In addition, this completely removes the metal in situ (100 mg/L in contaminated water, at 7 days of incubation, with 10 g of natural biomass in 100 mL). So, the natural biomass can be used to remove it from industrial wastewater, even if in vivo, only eliminate 17.3% in 4 weeks.
Remoción de cromo (VI) en solución acuosa por la biomasa modificada del grano de arroz (Oriza sativa L.) Chromium (VI) removal in aqueous solution by the modified biomass of rice grain (Oriza sativa L.
Chromium (VI) removal capacity in aqueous solution by oat biomass was analyzed by the diphenylcarbazide method. Bioadsorption was evaluated at different pH values (1, 2, 3 and 4) and at different times. The effect of temperature in the range of 28 °C to 60 °C and the removal at different initial Cr (VI) concentrations of 200 to 1000 mg/L were also studied. The highest bioadsorption (100% with 100 mg/L of the metal and 1 g of biomass) was at 8 h, at pH of 1.0 and 28 °C. With regard to temperature, the highest removal was to 60 oC, with a 100% removal at 90 min. Removal was more efficient when higher concentrations of biomass were used (100%, 3 h and 5 g of biomass). Untreated biomass (washed and ground biomass) showed excellent metal removal capacity in situ, 82.6% and 85.3% removal in contaminated soil and water, respectively, after 10 days of incubation, using 25 g of the biomass (100 mL of water). These results show that Cr (VI) can be removed from
industrial wastewater using oat biomass.
Mercury (II) removal capacity in aqueous solution by Aspergillus niger biomass was analyzed by the atomic absorption spectrometry method. The fungus grew in 2000 ppm of the metal (20.3%). Biosorption was evaluated at different pH (3.5, 4.5, and 5.5) at different times. In addition, the effect of temperature in the range of 28°C to 45oC and removal at different initial concentrations of Hg (II) from 100 to 500 mg/L were also studied. The highest biosorption (83.2% with 100 mg/L of the metal, and 1 g of biomass) was 24 h at pH of 5.5 and 28oC. With regard to temperature, the highest removal was to 28oC, with an 83.2% removal at 24 h, and at higher biomass concentrations, the removal was most efficient (100% in 12 h with 5 g of biomass). Fungal biomass showed good removal capacity of the metal in situ, 69% removal in contaminated water, after 7 days of incubation and 5 g of biomass (100 mL water), so it can be used to remove industrial wastewater.
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