When synthesizing the available data of vessel elasticity of mammalian lung from the literature, the lack of data in the intermediate range of vessel sizes becomes evident. In an effort to fill this gap, the distensibility of pulmonary arteries of cats, in the range of 100 -1600 \t.m diameter was studied as a function of the perfusion pressure. The resulting percentage changes in vessel diameter (D) were expressed as polynomials of "transmural"pressure, which is taken to be the difference between the perfusion pressure and the pleural pressure, p a -p PL , in the formwhere D 0 is the value of D when p a = p PL , and a. and /3 are constants. Our results show that for vessels whose diameters D 0 are in the range of 100-200 /xm, the mean values of D/D 0 are represented by a = 2.02 percent per cm H 2 0 or 0.202 (KPa) -', |8 = 0.046 percent per (cm H 2 0) 2 or 0.046 (KPa) ~2. For vessels with diameter D 0 greater than 200 pm, the pressure-diameter relationship is linear in the ranges tested, so that (3 = 0. The values of the compliance constant a (slopes of the curves) for vessels in the diameter (D 0
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