PurposeThe covenant strength of flexible workspace (FW) providers as tenants is debatable. There is the argument that providers are risky mainly due to the very nature of their business which consists of volatile revenue streams obtained from subletting the space in membership format, paying little attention to covenants. On the other hand, there is also the argument that the presence of a provider can add vibrancy and diversity to a building whilst also offering an additional amenity to existing tenants through overflow space, making FW providers desirable. This paper aims to explore this ambiguity by comparing rents paid by FW providers and other tenants within the same building in London over the period 2011 to 2021.Design/methodology/approachUsing a dataset of 1,042 leases in London over the period of 2011–2021 which was extracted from CoStar, the rent conditions of FW providers and their peers within the same building were analysed employing a hedonic pricing model.FindingsThe results of the analysis suggest that FW providers have a negative and statistically significant effect on the effective rent in comparison to other tenants within the same building over the analysed period.Practical implicationsThis analysis has the potential to identify how FW providers are perceived in the market and offers both academics and practitioners valuable insights.Originality/valueThe relationship between landlords and FW providers as tenants does not have a major coverage in the literature.
In housing markets there is a trade-off between selling time and selling price, with pricing strategy being the balancing act between the two. Motivated by the Home Report scheme in Scotland, this paper investigates the role of information symmetry played in such a trade-off. Empirically, this study tests if sellers’ pricing strategy changes when more information becomes available and whether this, in turn, affects the trade-off between the selling price and selling time. Using housing transaction data of North-East Scotland between 1998Q2 and 2018Q2, the findings show that asking price has converged to the predicted price of the property since the introduction of the Home Report. While information transparency reduces the effect of ‘overpricing’ on selling time, there is little evidence to show that it reduces the impact of pricing strategy on the final selling price in the sealed-bid context.
Based on the aerodynamics, this paper simulates a super high speed train with the speed of 600km/h through bridge laying plate or frame type ballastless track, analyses the influence of plate or frame type ballastless track on aerodynamic performance. Results show that the pressure at the Equipment module, the bogie and the apron is negative, and the pressure of the plate type is larger than frame type. Near the head's bogie, the pressure of the plate type is larger than the frame type. The mediate and tail's negative pressure of frame type is smaller than the plate type. The Super High Speed Train's resistance of frame type is superior to the plate type. The tail's lift of frame type is inferior to the plate type.At present, all countries in the world are strongly developing rail transportation, especially the development of high-speed rail. There are many forms of high-speed railway, such as ballasted track, ballastless track, magnetic suspension railway, etc [1] . Ballastless track structure is the main route of high-speed railway in China [2] . At present, most researches are concerned with the dynamic analysis of ballastless track of high speed railway [3][4] . The research on influence of ballastless track structure on aerodynamic performance of super high speed train has not been reported. Based on the aerodynamics, this paper simulates a super high speed train with the speed of 600km/h through bridge laying plate or frame type ballastless track, analyses the influence of plate or frame type ballastless track on aerodynamic performance.
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