A 3-month-old male with a mass on the right side of his back was admitted to our hospital. The tumor was a pathologically high-grade nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS). Treatment included subtotal tumor resection followed by chemotherapy. Elevation of serum beta hCG and hypercalcemia with detection of PTHrP was associated with tumor progression. The tumor was refractory to multiagent chemotherapy, and the patient died of the disease at 22 months of age. This case is novel in demonstrating a beta hCG secreting refractory NRSTS.

The prognosis of high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) with metastatic or recurrent disease remains poor. We report a 6-year-old girl who successfully underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation against recurrent metastatic alveolar RMS. The disease recurred at distant lymph node metastasis with bone marrow involvement. After chemotherapy and radiotherapy for the metastatic site, she underwent allogeneic bone marrow transplantation during complete remission from her 5/8 HLA-matched father. She developed acute graft-versus-host disease after preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion and remains in a disease-free condition for 31 months after transplantation. A graft-versus-tumor effect through allogeneic immune cells might produce a beneficial effect for high-risk RMS.

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Concordance between eGFR and CCr in pediatric patients with a unilateral kidney should be assessed separately from that in patients with bilateral kidneys. In restricting calculation of eGFR to pediatric patients with bilateral kidneys and adult patients without little muscle mass, eGFR may be useful regardless of whether patients are receiving chemotherapy.