Highly effective antimicrobial agents are needed to control the emergence of new bacterial strains, their increased proliferation capability, and antibacterial resistance that severely impact public health, and several industries including water, food, textiles, and oil and gas. Recently, bimetallic nanoparticles, formed via integration of two different metals, have appeared particularly promising with antibacterial efficiencies surpassing that of monometallic counterparts due to synergistic effects, broad range of physiochemical properties, and diverse mechanisms of action. This work aims to provide a review on developed bimetallic and supported bimetallic systems emphasizing in particular on the relation between synthesis routes, properties, and resulting efficiency. Bimetallic nanostructures on graphene, zeolites, clays, fibers, polymers, as well as non-supported bimetallic nanoparticles are reviewed, their synthesis methods and resulting properties are illustrated, along with their antimicrobial activity and potential against different strains of microbes.
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an energy efficient and cost-effective technology for electrosorption of salt ions. In this work, graphene/CNTs/ZnO (FGC-ZnO) with different loading of ZnO (5% and 10%) hybrid material was developed and used as high-performance CDI electrode for the removal of NaCl from saline solution. FE-SEM and HR-TEM images confirmed that the hybrid material has interconnected network with well-ordered structure covering ZnO nanoparticles. The FGC-ZnO-10% hybrid material showed enhanced specific capacitance of 280 F g −1 at 10 mV s −1 as compared to FGC-ZnO-5%. Moreover, a high electrosorption capacity of 28.62 mg g −1 in 600 mg l −1 NaCl at 1.2 V was obtained with the FGC-ZnO-10% hybrid material in a batch-mode CDI cell. The Kim-Yoon plot demonstrated that the maximum achieved ASAR is 1.004 mg g −1 min −1 at 1.2 V. This work suggested that FGC-ZnO-10% material have the potential to be utilized as CDI electrode for the desalination of saline water.
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