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The objective of this research was to develop stable methotrexate(MTX) loaded nanocochleates (MTX-NC) drug delivery system to achieve controlled drug release,targeted delivery and enhanced anticancer potency with reduced dose and its effect on Breast cancer cell line. The development involved the loading of MTX to nanocochleates (MTX-NC) through conversion of phosphatidyl choline and cholesterol bearing liposome on addition of calcium ions and compared with MTX and MTX-NC. Optimized NC under optimized conditions showed particle size and zeta potential of 298.7nm and -12.9mv respectively, high entrapment efficiency 75%, drug loading of 37.5% and drug content 99%. Investigation on the drug lipid interaction using FTIR confirmed the compatibility of drug with the lipid carrier. SEM and TEM images of NC indicated that the particles were in a rod cylindrical shape with a smooth surface.Formulated MTX-NC demonstrated higher in-vitro anticancer activity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The concentration of the drug needed for growth inhibition of was 47% for free MTX(80µg/ml) while it was -35.6% for the MTX-NC (80µg/ml) . Furthermore, the LC50 value of free MTX and MTX-NC was NE and 75.3µg/ml respectivelty.GI50 value of free MTX and MTX-NC was <10µg/ml. The results indicate that the MTX- NC has the potential to be applied for targeting anticancer drug delivery.

The aim of this study was to develop the formulation of irbesartan by microcrystal technology to enhance the solubility and dissolution property of the drug. The area of interest in the study carried out is Class II drugs cited in the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. Microcrystal technology is a new carrier-free colloidal drug delivery system with reduced drug particle size and is considered a viable strategy in drug delivery to develop formulations of poorly soluble drugs. In the present study, an attempt was made to enhance the solubility of the drug irbesartan compared to its pure form by microcrystal technology. Drug microcrystals were prepared by the anti-solvent precipitation process. The specified amount of drug was dissolved in methanol and PVP K30 was dissolved in water. The two phases were mixed instantaneously, wherein the drug solution was kept on continuous stirring and the aqueous phase was added to this continuous phase. The particle size of the drug was not reduced, but enhancement in solubility and dissolution properties of the drug were still observed. This could be due to the wettability property of PVP K30. The FT-IR spectra and DSC thermograms confirmed no interference of drug and the stabilizer. XRD studies confirmed the formation of crystals of the drug irbesartan. Thus, it could be concluded that microcrystal technology is a promising approach for solubility enhancement of irbesartan.

Cannabis sativa (Hemp) is an herbaceous species used in foods and beverages, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, etc. It has two active constituents: Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol. Cannabinoids suppress uncontrolled growth of cancerous cells, provide pain relief to HIV patients, and help with neurogenic symptoms. Cannabis extracts have exhibited more effectiveness against various bacteria and yeast. Improvement in skin hydration and skin elasticity was observed. Excessive sebum production and proliferation of sebocytes is normalized. Hemp extracts arrest the anagen phase of the hair cycle to cause reversal of the temporal and vertex thinning in Androgenetic alopecia. It has antioxidant potential as well as an anti-ageing effect. Owing to the variability in legislation in different countries, Cannabis sativa poses challenges in research. This chapter discusses the diverse applications of this double-edged herb.

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A simple, precise, accurate, cost effective stability indicating UV Spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Methotrexate shows highest λmax at 303nm. Beer's law (linearity response) was found over a concentration range of 2 10 μg /mL with good correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.9987 and the values of standard deviation were satisfactory low and the recovery studies were close to 100%. The Proposed spectrophotometric method was validated as per the ICH Q1A (R2) guidelines. Hence this method can be safely be employed for the routine quality control analysis of Methotrexate.

Background: Psoriasis is an inflammatory condition of a body wherein erythematous, sharply demarcated papules and round-shaped plaques appear onto skin due to the hyperproliferation of epidermis. Psoralens are the class of furanocoumarins that are effectively used in the treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo in conjunction with exposure to a dose of ultraviolet radiation. It is crucial to develop and validate the suitable analytical method for its quantitative estimation. The present work aims to develop and validate simple, rapid, accurate and cost-effective (as compared to other sophisticated techniques of analysis) Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry in methanol and phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4). Materials and Methods: Methanol and phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4) were the two solvents chosen for method development and results of validation parameters were calculated. Results: Methoxsalen showed maximum absorbance at 249 nm in methanol and at 247 nm in phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4). The percent recoveries for determination of accuracy and repeatability were found within a suitable confidence interval of 98 %-102 %. Conclusion: The developed method was evaluated quantitatively for accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness and other parameters.