Background:
Curcumin has been used as a traditional medicine showing antiinflammatory,
antimicrobial, and antiviral properties. Despite the promising potentials,
curcumin-based drug development is hindered due to its poor solubility and cell uptake.
Objective:
This study aims to produce curcumin nanoemulsion (nanocurcumin) and evaluate
its physical characteristics and in vitro cell cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against
dengue virus (DENV).
Method:
Nanocurcumin was generated by self-nanoemulsion technique. Cytotoxicity was
determined using MTT assay in A549 cell line. Anti-DENV properties were determined by
calculation of inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) and plaque assay.
Results:
The resulting nanoemulsion showed uniform droplet size distribution with the average
droplet size of 40.85 ± 0.919 nm. Nanocurcumin exhibited higher cell cytotoxicity
compared to curcumin solution and may be explained by better cell uptake. Nanocurcumin
treatment suppressed DENV growth, although no significant difference observed compared
to the curcumin solution counterpart. Greater virus reduction was observed for DENV-1
and DENV-2.
Conclusion:
The synthesis of nanocurcumin improved curcumin physicochemical properties
with potential as antiviral against DENV.
Background:
Curcumin is a well-documented bioactive compound present in Curcuma sp., a tropical medicinal plant. This substance exhibits broad spectrum biological activities including antivirus. Despite, the lack of pharmaceutical properties of curcumin limits its clinical use.
Objective:
This study aims to produce curcumin nanoemulsion with different surface charge (curcumin (+) nanoemulsion and curcumin (-) nanoemulsion) and to evaluate its physical characteristics, in vitro cell cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against dengue virus (DENV) 1 and 2.
Methods:
Two forms of nanoemulsion were prepared which were differed from their surface charge through spontaneous procedure resulting similar characteristics except the zeta potential value. Cytotoxicity was determined using RT-PCR method in A549 cell line and anti-DENV properties were determined by calculation of inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) value.
Results :
The positively charge of curcumin-loaded nanoemulsion showed better effect in reducing the viral replication represented by lower IC50 value. In addition, DENV-1 was more sensitive and responsive to curcumin as compared to DENV-2.
Conclusion :
Positive surface charge of curcumin-loaded nanoemulsion improves the antiviral effect of the curcumin suggesting a promising approach for alternative treatment for dengue virus infection.
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